Table 1. Factors associated with HBV and HCV coinfection.
| HBV | HCV | |||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| HBsAg positive (%) | Univariate | Multivariate | HCV positive (%) | Univariate | Multivariate | |||||||
| OR | p | OR | p | 95%CI | OR | p | OR | p | 95%CI | |||
| Total | 591/5656 (11) | 794/5215 (15) | ||||||||||
| Sex | ||||||||||||
| Male | 463/3949 (12) | 681/3676 (19) | ||||||||||
| Female | 127/1702 (7) | 0.61 | <0.001 | 0.66 | <0.001 | (0.52, 0.82) | 112/1534 (7) | 0.35 | <0.001 | 0.51 | <0.001 | (0.40, 0.66) |
| Change | 1/5 (20) | 1.88 | 0.57 | 2.08 | 0.52 | (0.23, 19.02) | 1/5 (20) | 1.09 | 0.93 | 0.99 | 0.99 | (0.05, 21.80) |
| Age (years) | ||||||||||||
| ≦30 | 159/1439 (11) | 237/1332 (18) | ||||||||||
| 31–50 | 371/3644 (10) | 0.91 | 0.36 | 0.94 | 0.54 | (0.77, 1.15) | 524/3353 (16) | 0.85 | 0.07 | 1.06 | 0.63 | (0.84, 1.33) |
| >50 | 61/573 (11) | 0.96 | 0.79 | 1.01 | 0.96 | (0.73, 1.39) | 33/530 (6) | 0.31 | <0.001 | 0.54 | 0.01 | (0.35, 0.84) |
| Mode of infection | ||||||||||||
| Heterosexual contact | 352/3737 (9) | 271/3322 (8) | ||||||||||
| Homosexual contact | 138/1059 (13) | 1.45 | <0.001 | 1.28 | 0.04 | (1.01, 1.64) | 43/1033 (4) | 0.49 | <0.001 | 0.51 | <0.001 | (0.35, 0.73) |
| Injecting drug use | 65/489 (13) | 1.48 | 0.01 | 1.30 | 0.10 | (0.96, 1.74) | 405/508 (80) | 44.26 | <0.001 | 34.12 | <0.001 | (26.16, 44.94) |
| Blood products | 7/56 (12) | 1.38 | 0.44 | 1.25 | 0.59 | (0.56, 2.80) | 29/55 (53) | 12.55 | <0.001 | 15.18 | <0.001 | (8.57, 27.10) |
| Other | 29/315 (9) | 0.97 | 0.90 | 0.86 | 0.46 | (0.57, 1.29) | 46/297 (15) | 2.05 | <0.001 | 2.03 | <0.001 | (1.42, 2.89) |
| Baseline CD4 count | ||||||||||||
| ≦50 | 194/1573 (12) | 282/1487 (19) | ||||||||||
| 51–200 | 208/1954 (11) | 0.84 | 0.12 | 0.82 | 0.08 | (0.66, 1.02) | 259/1797 (14) | 0.72 | <0.001 | 0.76 | 0.03 | (0.60, 0.98) |
| 201–350 | 96/1128 (9) | 0.66 | <0.001 | 0.59 | <0.001 | (0.45, 0.78) | 117/997 (12) | 0.57 | <0.001 | 0.87 | 0.37 | (0.63, 1.19) |
| 351–500 | 19/156 (12) | 0.99 | 0.96 | 0.80 | 0.41 | (0.47, 1.35) | 5/143 (3) | 0.15 | <0.001 | 0.31 | 0.02 | (0.11, 0.85) |
| ≧501 | 7/59 (12) | 0.96 | 0.91 | 0.85 | 0.70 | (0.37, 1.95) | 8/52 (15) | 0.78 | 0.52 | 1.20 | 0.73 | (0.44, 3.22) |
| Not tested | 67/786 (9) | 0.66 | 0.01 | 0.58 | <0.001 | (0.43, 0.80) | 123/739 (17) | 0.85 | 0.18 | 0.55 | <0.001 | (0.40, 0.77) |
| Baseline HIV viral load | ||||||||||||
| 40–20000 | 68/606 (11) | 52/550 (9) | ||||||||||
| 20001–80000 | 79/692 (11) | 1.02 | 0.91 | 0.98 | 0.92 | (0,69, 1.40) | 49/634 (8) | 0.80 | 0.29 | 0.73 | 0.19 | (0.45, 1.17) |
| 80001–200000 | 65/694 (9) | 0.82 | 0.27 | 0.76 | 0.16 | (0.53, 1.11) | 57/641 (9) | 0.93 | 0.74 | 0.68 | 0.12 | (0.42, 1.11) |
| >200000 | 98/910 (11) | 0.95 | 0.78 | 0.89 | 0.48 | (0.63, 1.25) | 78/810 (10) | 1.02 | 0.91 | 0.85 | 0.48 | (0.55, 1.33) |
| Not tested | 281/2754 (10) | 0.90 | 0.46 | 0.94 | 0.70 | (0.69, 1.28) | 558/2580 (22) | 2.64 | <0.001 | 1.88 | <0.001 | (1.29, 2.76) |
| CDC stage | ||||||||||||
| CDC A | 288/2771 (10) | 345/2562 (13) | ||||||||||
| CDC B | 77/679 (11) | 1.11 | 0.47 | 1.11 | 0.46 | (0.84, 1.46) | 73/601 (12) | 0.89 | 0.39 | 0.90 | 0.5 | (0.65, 1.27) |
| CDC C | 226/2206 (10) | 0.98 | 0.86 | 0.86 | 0.15 | (0.70, 1.06) | 376/2052 (18) | 1.45 | <0.001 | 0.83 | 0.1 | (0.66, 1.04) |
| Prior mono/dual ARV | ||||||||||||
| No | 550/5236 (11) | 749/4843 (15) | ||||||||||
| Yes | 41/420 (10) | 0.92 | 0.63 | 0.90 | 0.52 | (0.63, 1.26) | 45/372 (12) | 0.76 | 0.08 | 0.67 | 0.07 | (0.44, 1.03) |
| HIV-1 subtype | ||||||||||||
| B | 19/134 (14) | 6/161 (4) | ||||||||||
| 01AE | 8/76 (11) | 0.71 | 0.45 | 0.84 | 0.70 | (0.34, 2.05) | 2/72 (3) | 0.74 | 0.71 | 0.45 | 0.39 | (0.07, 2.83) |
| 07BC | 0/2 (0) | 0 | 0.96 | 0 | 0.96 | (0, Inf) | 0/2 (0) | 0 | 0.98 | 0 | 0.99 | (0, Inf) |
| C | 1/5 (20) | 1.51 | 0.72 | 1.68 | 0.66 | (0.17, 16.90) | 0/5 (0) | 0 | 0.97 | 0 | 0.98 | (0, Inf) |
| Not tested | 563/5439 (10) | 0.70 | 0.15 | 0.79 | 0.35 | (0.47, 1.31) | 786/4975 (16) | 4.85 | <0.001 | 1.90 | 0.16 | (0.77, 4.64) |