Table 1.
Clinical and echocardiographic characteristics according to permanent pacemaker or no permanent pacemaker lead
| Permanent Pacemaker | |||
|---|---|---|---|
|
| |||
| Variable | YES (N = 1245) | NO (N = 92347) | P value |
| Age (years) | 80 ± 10 | 62 ± 17 | < 0.0001 |
| Men | 675 (54%) | 46017 (50%) | 0.002 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 27 ± 6 | 28 ± 7 | < 0.0001 |
| Hypertension | 427 (34%) | 22788 (25%) | < 0.0001 |
| SBP (mmHg) | 129 ± 41 | 126 ± 26 | 0.049 |
| Heart rate (beats/min) | 72 ± 14 | 74 ± 20 | < 0.0001 |
| Diabetes mellitus | 344 (28%) | 14535 (16%) | < 0.0001 |
| Coronary artery disease | 514 (41%) | 19363 (21%) | < 0.0001 |
| All hospitalizations | 0.13 ± 0.5 | 0.13 ± 0.6 | 0.89 |
| Tricuspid regurgitation ≥ 3+ | 204 (16%) | 2277 (2%) | < 0.0001 |
| Right ventricular dilatation | 356 (29%) | 9415 (10%) | < 0.0001 |
| Right ventricular dysfunction | 209 (17%) | 7055 (8%) | < 0.0001 |
| PASP (mmHg) | 35 ± 11 | 29 ± 11 | 0.002 |
| PASP ≥ 37 mmHg | 367 (29%) | 10757 (12%) | < 0.0001 |
| LVEF (%) | 48 ± 5 | 53 ± 5 | < 0.0001 |
| MV repair or replacement | 105 (8%) | 1811 (2%) | < 0.0001 |
| Any mitral stenosis | 41 (3%) | 1206 (1%) | < 0.0001 |
| Mitral regurgitation ≥ 3+ | 86 (7%) | 2901 (3%) | < 0.0001 |
| E/E' > 13 | 116 (9%) | 4344 (5%) | < 0.0001 |
BMI = body mass index; SBP = systolic blood pressure; PASP = pulmonary artery systolic pressure; LVEF = left ventricular ejection fraction; MV = mitral valve ; values expressed as mean ± SD (%).