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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2017 Mar 1.
Published in final edited form as: Cancer Res. 2015 Dec 30;76(5):1055–1065. doi: 10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-14-3630

Figure 3. Up-regulation of genes in immune-related pathways is a characteristic of tumors from current smokers.

Figure 3

Hierarchical cluster analysis with 601 probesets representing genes that were differentially expressed between current vs. past and current vs.past/never smokers. The expression pattern of these genes separates the 67 tumors (16 current, 28 past, and 23 never smokers) into 2 clusters. Cluster 1 represents tumors with up-regulated expression of immune response-related genes as shown by the Go term and KEGG pathway association. This cluster is highly enriched for tumors from current smokers (P < 0.001). Overexpressed genes in cluster 2 did not have a significant pathway or GO term association.