Table 1.

Study and patient characteristics

Study	Therapy in experimental group	Therapy in control group	Country	Sample size		Duration of treatment	Inclusion population
				Experimental	Control
Gotoh M [6]	Propiverine	Placebo	Japan	271	257	2 weeks	≥20 years, OAB symptoms ≥12 weeks, ≥8 micturitions/24 h, and ≥1UI episodes/24 h or ≥1 urgency episodes/24 h
Lee KS [11]	Propiverine	Placebo	Korea	142	79	2 weeks	≥18 years, OAB for ≥3 months, ≥10 voids/24 h during the 3-day voiding diary period
Homma Y [10]	Propiverine	Placebo	Japan	279	131	2 weeks	≥20 years, UI (≥5 episodes/week), micturition (≥8 voids/day), and urgency (≥1 episode/day)
Yamaguchi O [8]	Propiverine	Placebo	Japan	364	371	2 weeks	≥20 years, OAB ≥6 months, ≥8 voids/24 h, ≥3 episodes of urgency, ≥3 episodes of UI for 3 days voiding diary period
Yamaguchi O [9]	Propiverine and placebo	Placebo	Japan	532	359	2 weeks	≥20 years, OAB symptoms ≥24 weeks, ≥8 micturitions daily, ≥1 urgency or UI episodes daily for 3 days voiding diary period
Sener NC [15]	Terazosin 2 mg/day plus propiverine HCL 15 mg/day	Terazosin 2 mg/day and placebo	Turkey	50	50	No mention	Age 50–80, OAB ≥6 months, and urodynamically proven BOO, urgency daily episode ≥1, micturition/24 h ≥8
Bae JH [14]	Alfuzosin 10 mg/day, and propiverine 10 mg/day	Alfuzosin 10 mg/day	Korea	132	77	No mention	LUTS/BPH with IPSS ≥12 and IPSS storage subscore ≥4
Yokoyama T [13]	Naftopidil 50 mg/day plus propiverine hydrochloride 20 mg/day	Naftopidil 50 mg/day	Japan	21	19	4 weeks	Age ≥50 years, IPSS ≥8, ≥1 urgency episode daily, ≥8 micturitions daily, nocturia ≥1 episode/day, and PVR ≤50 ml
Lee KS [12]	Doxazosin 4 mg/day plus propiverine 20 mg/day	doxazosin 4 mg once daily	Korea	142	69	No mention	Age ≥40, IPSS ≥12, PSA <2.5, micturition/24 h ≥8, urgency (or UI)/24 h >3, and documented detrusor pressure >10 cm H2O

OAB overactive bladder, UI urgency incontinence, BOO bladder outlet obstruction