Table 6.
Associations of relative income and consumption poverty with other indictors of economic utility
| Peru, urban n = 139 | Peru, rural n = 56 | Mexico, urban N = 190 |
Mexico, rural n = 167 | China, urban N = 171 |
China, rural N = 110 |
Pooled estimates, Higgins I2 (heterogeneity %) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Associations with income poverty a | |||||||
| Car ownershipb | 3.7 (0.7–20.4) | 2.3 (0.7–8.4) | 1.4 (0.9–2.2) | 1.1 (0.3–4.5) | 0.3 (0.0–2.1) | 0.8 (0.5–1.4) | 1.19 (0.86–1.64), 29.3 % |
| Number of assetsc | 1.0 (0.9–1.1) | 0.8 (0.7–1.0) | 1.0 (0.9–1.1) | 1.1 (1.0–1.2) | 1.0 (0.9–1.1) | 0.9 (0.8–1.0) | 0.99 (0.95–1.03), 51.5 % |
| Number of bedroomsc | 0.9 (0.8–1.0) | 0.6 (0.5–0.8) | 0.9 (0.7–1.1) | 1.2 (0.9–1.5) | 0.9 (0.7–1.1) | 0.8 (0.6–1.2) | 0.89 (0.82–0.96), 56.0 % |
| Lower occupational class of index older persond | 3.4 (1.6–7.3) | 5.2 (1.0–26.6) | 1.0 (0.5–2.4) | 1.0 (0.4–2.7) | 2.1 (0.8–5.8) | 0.2 (0.0–1.6) | 1.74 (1.15–2.63), 58.3 % |
| Number of economic strain indicatorse | 2.2 (1.1–4.3) | 1.7 (0.9–3.3) | 1.3 (0.8–2.1) | 0.3 (0.2–0.6) | 15.7 (5.5–44.8) | 0.1 (0.0–0.3) | 1.20 (0.90–1.60), 92.0 % |
| Perception of household economic situationd (higher scores indicate more negative perception) | 7.4 (2.2–25.5) | 10.8 (0.8–146.4) | 3.4 (0.9–12.2) | 1.1 (0.3–3.7) | 4.7 (1.5–14.6) | 0.1 (0.0–0.5) | 2.30 (1.33–4.01), 79.4 % |
| Associations with consumption poverty f | |||||||
| Car ownershipb | Could not be estimated | Could not be estimated | 0.5 (0.2–1.5) | 0.1 (0.0–1.0) | 1.6 (0.3–7.8) | 0.4 (0.1–1.2) | 0.47 (0.24–0.92), 39.3 % |
| Number of assetsc | 0.9 (0.8–1.0) | 0.9 (0.7–1.2) | 0.9 (0.8–1.0) | 0.9 (0.8–1.1) | 1.0 (0.9–1.1) | 0.9 (0.8–1.0) | 0.93 (0.89–0.98), 0.0 % |
| Number of bedroomsc | 1.1 (0.9–1.2) | 0.9 (0.7–1.3) | 0.8 (0.6–1.1) | 0.9 (0.7–1.1) | 1.1 (0.9–1.3) | 0.9 (0.6–1.4) | 1.01 (0.92–1.10), 17.4 % |
| Lower occupational class of index older persond | 4.6 (0.6–37.7) | 0.2 (0.1–0.6) | 4.3 (1.4–13.1) | 0.7 (0.2–2.3) | 1.2 (0.3–4.3) | 0.2 (0.0–1.5) | Urban sites 2.72 (1.25–5.92), 20.5 % Rural sites 0.32 (0.14–0.69), 30.3 % |
| Number of economic strain indicatorse | 2.3 (0.9–6.0) | 1.3 (0.7–2.3) | 0.7 (0.3–1.5) | 0.9 (0.5–1.8) | Could not be estimated | 2.2 (0.8–6.2) | 1.20 (0.85–1.69), 31.7 % |
| Perception of household economic situationd (higher scores indicate more negative perception) | 7.6 (1.5–36.9) | 7.4 (2.7–20.7) | 2.1 (0.5–9.1) | 0.4 (0.1–2.1) | 2.0 (0.7–5.7) | 17.9 (2.7–118.6) | 3.43 (1.98–5.95), 64.4 % |
aDefined as <60 % of median equivalised household income for that site
bPrevalence ratio (Poisson regression)
cCount ratio (Poisson regression)
dOdds ratio (ordinal regression)
eCount ratio (negative binomial regression)
fDefined as <60 % of median equivalised household income for that site