TABLE 1.

Pooled collection of isolates investigated for the presence of high-level gentamicin resistance

Referencea	No. of GBS isolatesa	Disease/case definition	Origin of GBS isolation	Study type	Collection period	Geographic origin(s)	HLGR
10	75	No disease/colonization	Vaginal and rectal swabs from pregnant and nonpregnant women	Cross-sectional study	2001–2003	Aachen and Munich, Germany	0
12	60	EODb with invasive neonatal GBS infections	Isolation of GBS from blood or CSFg and other sterile body fluids	Part of the prospective active surveillance study	2001–2003	Freiburg, Germany	0
13	50c	Suspicion of EOD without proven invasive GBS disease	GBS isolates from nonsterile sites	Part of the prospective active surveillance study	2001–2003	Freiburg, Germany	0
14	30	Patients with cystic fibrosis	Respiratory samples	Collection of isolatesd	2002–2008	Münster, Germany	1
11	150	No disease/colonization	Rectovaginal specimens from pregnant and nonpregnant women	Part of the national surveillance study	2005–2009	Lisbon, Portugal	0
	97	No disease/colonization	Vaginal swabs from pregnant and nonpregnant women	—e	2009	Ulm, Germany	0
15	99	No disease/colonization	Vaginal swabs from pregnant and nonpregnant women	Cross-sectional study	2010	Ismailia, Egypt	0
36	364	No disease/colonization	Vaginal swabs from pregnant women	Cross-sectional study	2009–2010	Bern, Switzerland	1
	203	Invasive GBS infections	Isolation of GBS from blood, CSF and other sterile body fluids	—f	1998–2013	Bern, Switzerland	0
Total	1,128						2

^aGBS isolates investigated and published in a context other than the presence of HLGR. The number of GBS isolates investigated for HLGR may vary from the number in the source publication for technical reasons.

^bEOD, early-onset disease.

^cFor this study, only GBS isolates with serotype III were available.

^dGBS isolation occurred during a routine visit or during a visit due to an exacerbation of clinical symptoms.

^eProspective collection during routine diagnostic microbiology laboratory analysis. GBS isolates were investigated for this study.

^fCollection of invasive GBS isolates (all age groups) during routine diagnostic microbiology laboratory analysis. GBS isolates were investigated for this study.

^gCSF, cerebrospinal fluid.