Table 1. Stratified seroprevalence of IgG antibodies against T. gondii detected by ELFA in adults aged 18 to 79 years and results of weighted logistic regression analysis of potential risk factors for seropositivity, 2008–2011.
| Characteristic (total no.)a | n (pos)a | Prevalence in % (95% CI) | Univariable analysis |
Multivariable analysis |
||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Odds ratio (95% CI) | p-Value | Odds ratio (95% CI) | p-Value | |||
| Sex | ||||||
| Women (n = 3,443) | 1,864 | 48.85 (46.56–51.14) | ref | ref | ref | ref |
| Men (n = 3,121) | 1,738 | 49.31 (46.35–52.27) | 1.02 (0.90–1.15) | 0.767 | 1.76 (1.08–2.91) | 0.023 |
| Interaction term sex*age | – | – | – | – | 0.99 (0.98–1.00) | 0.024 |
| Age | ||||||
| Yearly | – | – | 1.05 (1.05–1.06) | <0.001 | 1.06 (1.05–1.06) | <0.001 |
| Age group (years) | ||||||
| 18–29 (n = 994) | 214 | 19.95 (17.10–23.13) | ref | ref | – | – |
| 30–39 (n = 790) | 301 | 35.46 (31.01–40.17) | 2.21 (1.70–2.85) | <0.001 | – | – |
| 40–49 (n = 1,212) | 628 | 48.10 (44.57–51.64) | 3.72 (3.00–4.60) | <0.001 | – | – |
| 50–59 (n = 1,298) | 796 | 57.97 (54.25–61.61) | 5.54 (4.37–7.01) | <0.001 | – | – |
| 60–69 (n = 1,267) | 903 | 69.48 (65.13–73.50) | 9.13 (7.01–11.89) | <0.001 | – | – |
| 70–79 (n = 1,003) | 760 | 76.82 (72.74–80.45) | 13.30 (10.20–17.34) | <0.001 | – | – |
| Residence (East-West)b | ||||||
| West (n = 4,484) | 2,067 | 44.02 (42.10–45.96) | ref | ref | ref | ref |
| East (n = 2,080) | 1,535 | 68.17 (64.13–71.95) | 2.72 (2.24–3.30) | <0.001 | 0.98 (0.56–1.71) | 0.936 |
| Interact term East*age | – | – | – | – | 1.03 (1.02–1.04) | <0.001 |
| Residence (north-south)c | ||||||
| North (n = 1,683) | 1,029 | 53.90 49.94–57.81) | 1.46 (1.20–1.79) | <0.001 | 1.17 (0.93–1.46) | 0.177 |
| Middle (n = 2,879) | 1,650 | 50.04 (46.12–53.96) | 1.26 (1.02–1.53) | 0.026 | 0.98 (0.80–1.20) | 0.859 |
| South (n = 2,002) | 923 | 44.38 (41.23–47.58) | ref | ref | ref | ref |
| Population of municipality | ||||||
| <5,000 (n = 1,171) | 725 | 56.21 (49.89–62.35) | 1.67 (1.27–2.19) | <0.001 | 1.41 (1.11–1.79) | 0.005 |
| 5,000–<20,000 (n = 1,598) | 904 | 52.11 (47.50–56.69) | 1.41 (1.14–1.76) | 0.002 | 1.18 (0.97–1.44) | 0.100 |
| 20,000–<100,000 (n = 1,941) | 975 | 43.50 (40.35–46.71) | ref | ref | ref | ref |
| >100,000 (n = 1,854) | 998 | 48.72 (44.68–52.79) | 1.23 (1.01–1.51) | 0.043 | 1.17 (0.96–1.43) | 0.118 |
| Pet in householdd | ||||||
| No pet (n = 4,360) | 2,400 | 49.00 (46.64–51.36) | ref | ref | – | – |
| Any pet (n = 2,045) | 1,099 | 48.46 (45.38–51.55) | 0.98 (0.87–1.10) | 0.718 | – | – |
| Dogd | ||||||
| No (n = 5,588) | 3,070 | 49.19 (46.93–51.46) | ref | ref | – | – |
| Yes (n = 806) | 424 | 46.66 (41.94–51.45) | 0.90 (0.75–1.09) | 0.288 | – | – |
| Catd | ||||||
| No (n = 5,383) | 2,936 | 48.37 (45.99–50.76) | ref | ref | ref | ref |
| Yes (n = 1,011) | 558 | 51.46 (47.70–55.21) | 1.13 (0.97–1.32) | 0.127 | 1.27 (1.06–1.51) | 0.009 |
| Other animalsd | ||||||
| No (n = 5,679) | 3,126 | 49.29 (47.04–51.54) | ref | ref | – | – |
| Yes (n = 715) | 368 | 45.73 (40.62–50.93) | 0.87 (0.71–1.06) | 0.168 | – | – |
| Eating vegetariand | ||||||
| No (n = 6,148) | 3,413 | 49.74 (47.54–51.93) | ref | ref | ref | ref |
| Yes (n = 248) | 94 | 35.77 (28.21–44.11) | 0.56 (0.40–0.80 | 0.002 | 0.62 (0.42–0.99) | 0.048 |
| Body mass index (BMI) | ||||||
| Underweight (BMI < 18.5) (n = 86) | 22 | 23.95 (14.44–37.02) | 0.50 (0.27–0.94) | 0.031 | 0.66 (0.34–1.28) | 0.212 |
| Normal weight (18.5 ≤ BMI < 25) (n = 2,430) | 1,063 | 38.44 (35.83–41.12) | ref | ref | ref | ref |
| Overweight (25 ≤ BMI < 30) (n = 2,457) | 1,470 | 54.94 (52.08–57.76) | 1.95 (1.70–2.24) | <0.001 | 1.23 (1.03–1.47) | 0.024 |
| Obesity (BMI ≥ 30) (n = 1,552) | 1,023 | 58.99 (55.53–62.39) | 2.35 (2.15–2.55) | <0.001 | 1.28 (1.01–1.55) | 0.048 |
| Diabetes (12 month prevalence) | ||||||
| No (n = 6,072) | 3,253 | 47.92 (45.76–50.10) | ref | ref | ref | ref |
| Yes (n = 432) | 313 | 67.12 (60.87–72.82) | 2.22 (1.70–2.90) | <0.001 | 0.82 (0.61–1.10) | 0.181 |
| Socio-economic statuse | ||||||
| Low (n = 1,034) | 617 | 54.93 (50.97–58.83) | 1.23 (1.03–1.47) | 0.024 | 1.20 (0.95–1.52) | 0.132 |
| Middle (n = 3,933) | 2,217 | 49.77 (47.13–52.43) | ref | ref | ref | ref |
| High (n = 1,553) | 745 | 41.42 (38.09–44.83) | 0.71 (0.61–0.83) | <0.001 | 0.72 (0.60–0.85) | <0.001 |
| Total (n = 6,564) | 3,602 | 49.08 (46.92–51.23) | – | – | – | – |
aunweighted.
bEastern states: Berlin, Brandenburg, Mecklenburg-West Pomerania, Saxony, Saxony-Anhalt, Thuringia. Western states: Baden-Württemberg, Bavaria, Bremen, Hamburg, Hesse, Lower Saxony, Northrhine-Westfalia, Rhineland-Palatinate, Saarland, Schleswig-Holstein.
cNorthern states: Schleswig-Holstein, Hamburg, Lower Saxony, Bremen, Berlin, Brandenburg, Mecklenburg-West Pomerania. Middle states: Nordrhine-Westfalia, Hesse, Saxony, Saxony-Anhalt, Thuringia. Southern states: Rhineland-Palatinate, Baden-Württemberg, Bavaria, Saarland.
dat day of interview.
eSocio-economic status is measured using a score composed of income, education and professional status.