Activation of RNase L by pIC in A549 cells requires OAS3 expression. (A) OAS1-, OAS2-, OAS3-, and RNase L-KO A549 cells were mock-treated or treated with IFN-β (1,000 U/mL) overnight. Cells were lysed, and proteins were analyzed by immunoblotting with antibodies against OAS1, OAS2, OAS3, RNase L, and GAPDH. (B and C) WT and KO cells were transfected with 0.25 μg/mL of pIC (B) or OAS3-KO cells were transfected with increasing doses of pIC (0–20 μg/mL) (C), and RNase L-KO and WT A549 cells were transfected with 20 μg/mL and 0.25 μg/mL of pIC, respectively. At 4 hpi cells were lysed, and RNA integrity was assessed with a Bioanalyzer. The positions of 18S and 28S rRNA are indicated.