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. 2016 Feb 8;113(8):2158–2163. doi: 10.1073/pnas.1514473113

Table S2.

Landmarks and curves used in this study

Landmarks/curves Definition
Landmarks
 Basion Midpoint of the anterior margin of the foramen magnum
 Opisthion Midpoint of the posterior margin of the foramen magnum
 Middle spheno-occipital Spheno-occipital suture at the midline
 Dorsum sellae Anterior edge at the midline
 Sphenoidale Most posterior, superior midline point of planum sphenoideum
 Posterior “olfactory pit” Posterior edge of the olfactory pit at the midline
 Anterior olfactory pit Anterior edge of the olfactory pit at the midline
 Internal occipital protuberance Superior edge of transverse sinus at the midline
 Left/right lateral foramen magnum Widest point, immediately above left/right hypoglossal canal
 Left/right superior orbital fissure Lateral vertex
 Left/right foramen ovale Most posterior and lateral point
 Left/right foramen rotundum Lateral vertex
 Left/right jugular foramen Most anterior and inner point
 Left/right spheno-occipital Lateral spheno-occipital suture
 Left/right spheno-parietal At the junction
 Left/right petrous-occipital Maximum curvature point at the junction
 Left/right petrous Petrous apex
Curves
 Midline occipital Along the midline from foramen magnum to spheno-occipital suture
 Middle sphenoid Along the midline in anterior cranial fossa
 Left/right lateral occipital From jugular foramen to spheno-occipital suture. Delimiting brainstem
 Left/right sphenoid From superior orbital fissure to spheno-parietal junction. Delimiting anterior and middle cranial fossa
 Left/right petrous Delimiting posterior and middle cranial fossa
 Transverse sinus Delimiting vault from posterior cranial fossa
 Left/right anterior cranial fossa From olfactory pit to spheno-parietal junction. Delimiting frontal lobe/anterior cranial fossa ventral and dorsal regions
 Midsagittal From anterior olfactory pit to internal occipital protuberance
 Basioccipital From internal occipital protuberance to opisthion, at the midline