Table 3.
Comparisons Between Groups for Stroke Impact and Cognitive Flexibility
| M (SD) | M (SD) | |||||||
| Outcome Measure and Group | Time 1 | Time 2 | Time 1–2 Change Score | da [95% CI] | Time 3 | Time 1–3 Change Score | da [95% CI] | |
| SIS ADLs | ||||||||
| UC | 59.6 (13.8) | 58.2 (15.6) | −0.5 (18.6) | 0.6 [–0.2, 1.4] | 64.7 (10.8) | 7.3 (14.1) | 0.1 [–0.8, 1.0] | |
| CO–OP | 54.8 (14.6) | 64.4 (15.0) | 8.4 (10.9) | 64.9 (11.7) | 8.5 (10.1) | |||
| SIS Mobility | ||||||||
| UC | 57.6 (14.7) | 64.4 (15.2) | 4.6 (19.7) | 0.2 [–0.6, 0.9] | 64.9 (11.2) | 9.6 (16.3) | 0.1 [–0.8, 1.0] | |
| CO–OP | 54.4 (46.9) | 62.4 (17.1) | 7.0 (7.9) | 69.3 (11.8) | 10.7 (10.8) | |||
| SIS Hand Function | ||||||||
| UC | 38.3 (26.7) | 39.0 (30.2) | 3.7 (16.4) | 0.5 [–0.3, 1.3] | 44.4 (30.2) | 9.8 (17.1) | 0.6 [–0.3, 1.5] | |
| CO–OP | 32.8 (27.0) | 46.0 (27.6) | 11.7 (15.9) | 51.6 (24.8) | 20.7 (16.9) | |||
| SIS | ||||||||
| UC | 60.0 (11.4) | 62.4 (12.7) | 1.6 (15.3) | 0.5 [–0.3, 1.3] | 65.8 (8.1) | 7.4 (12.1) | 0.2 [–0.7, 1.1] | |
| CO–OP | 55.9 (14.8) | 64.2 (14.0) | 7.8 (7.7) | 67.7 (10.7) | 9.9 (11.4) | |||
| SIS Recovery | ||||||||
| UC | 58.1 (22.2) | 50.0 (18.3) | −5.5 (16.3) | 0.8 [0.0, 1.6] | 66.7 (11.7) | 11.1 (18.3) | 0.0 [–0.9, 0.9] | |
| CO–OP | 58.9 (19.1) | 67.5 (15.2) | 7.1 (14.8) | 72.3 (17.7) | 11.4 (13.4) | |||
| D–KEFS Condition 4 | ||||||||
| UC | 5.4 (4.2) | 6.4 (4.9) | 0.9 (2.0) | 0.5 [–0.3, 1.3] | 6.9 (4.5) | 1.3 (3.8) | 0.5 (–0.4, 1.4) | |
| CO–OP | 5.3 (3.8) | 8.1 (3.3) | 2.6 (4.3) | 9.0 (3.3) | 3.4 (4.6) | |||
Note. ADLs = activities of daily living; CI = confidence interval; CO–OP = Cognitive Orientation to Daily Occupational Performance; D–KEFS = Delis–Kaplan Executive Function System; M = mean; SD = standard deviation; SIS = Stroke Impact Scale; UC = usual care.
a
Effect size: 0.2 = small effect, 0.5 = medium effect, and 0.8 = large effect.