Effects of Rhizoma drynariae (RD) on microglial/macrophage activation in rats subjected to CCI. Immunohistochemical staining of CD68 was used to assess microglial/macrophage activation on days 1, 3, 7, and 14 after CCI. a Microglial/macrophage activation was not observed in sham rats. Microglial activation began on day 1 and continued to increase on days 3, 7, and 14 after CCI; R. drynariae treatment inhibited microglial activation on days 3, 7, and 14 compared with that in vehicle-treated rats. b In this H&E-stained brain section, the white boxes indicate the four preselected areas of the lesion border used for counting CD68-positive activated microglia/macrophages. c
Bar graph shows quantification analysis of CD68-positive microglia/macrophages. Values are mean±SD; n=6 rats/group; *p<0.01 vs. sham group, #p<0.05 vs. vehicle group