Table 3.
Volatile molecules (expressed as mg l−1) identified by GC-MS/SPME in Trebbiano wines in relation to the strain used.
| A | B | C | D | E | F | G | H | I | L | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ALDEHYDES | ||||||||||
| Acetaldehyde | 0.7 | 1.6 | 0.4 | 2.1 | 1.4 | 3.0 | 2.3 | 1.0 | 2.3 | 1.9 |
| Nonanal | 0.2 | –* | – | – | – | – | – | 0.1 | – | – |
| KETONS | ||||||||||
| 2,3-butanedione | – | 0.1 | 0.1 | – | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| Methylisobuthyl ketone | – | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.4 | 0.1 | 0.4 | 0.3 | 0.1 | 0.2 | 0.2 |
| Acetoin | 0.1 | – | 0.4 | 0.1 | 0.4 | – | 0.4 | 0.2 | – | – |
| Butyrolactone | 0.1 | – | 0.5 | 0.1 | 0.8 | – | 0.1 | 1.8 | 0.1 | 0.1 |
| ALCOHOLS | ||||||||||
| 1-propanol | – | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.1 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.7 | 0.4 | 1.3 |
| Isobutanol | 2.8 | 4.3 | 4.2 | 3.9 | 4.5 | 5.2 | 7.3 | 3.5 | 6.0 | 2.8 |
| 1-butanol | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.2 | 0.1 | 0.1 |
| Isoamylic alcohol | 83.2 | 80.3 | 100.5 | 68.4 | 85.7 | 78.1 | 111.0 | 93.7 | 108.3 | 84.0 |
| 3-methyl pentanol | – | 0.1 | – | – | 0.3 | 0.1 | 0.2 | 0.3 | 0.2 | 0.3 |
| 1-hexanol | 7.6 | 6.4 | 8.5 | 4.8 | 8.0 | 5.9 | 5.6 | 6.7 | 7.8 | 7.2 |
| (Z)-3-hexenol | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.1 | 0.0 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 |
| (E)-3-hexenol | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.4 | 0.2 | 0.4 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.3 |
| 1-heptanol | 0.3 | 0.4 | – | 48.8 | – | 14.9 | 12.9 | – | 0.2 | – |
| 1-octanol | 0.2 | 0.1 | – | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.1 | 0.5 | – | 0.7 | 0.2 |
| Nonanol | 0.3 | 0.2 | 0.1 | 0.2 | 0.3 | 0.1 | 0.2 | 0.3 | 0.2 | 0.2 |
| Phenylethanol | 72.3 | 43.2 | 54.6 | 72.3 | 52.5 | 38.6 | 61.1 | 81.6 | 71.6 | 72.1 |
| Ethylphenol | 0.3 | 0.1 | 0.5 | 0.3 | 0.1 | 0.2 | 0.1 | – | – | 0.7 |
| ESTERS | ||||||||||
| Ethyl acetate | 12.8 | 7.8 | 6.3 | 103.0 | 12.5 | 73.4 | 29.9 | 11.6 | 14.7 | 10.4 |
| Isoamyl acetate | 0.9 | 1.5 | 0.8 | 2.1 | 1.3 | 1.8 | 1.5 | 1.2 | 1.8 | 0.9 |
| Ethyil hexanoate | 1.7 | 2.5 | 2.8 | 1.0 | 2.4 | 1.7 | 2.4 | 2.7 | 3.1 | 2.2 |
| Hexyl acetate | 0.1 | 0.3 | 0.2 | – | 0.1 | – | – | 0.2 | – | 0.1 |
| Ethyl octanoate | 7.5 | 4.1 | 4.6 | 2.5 | 6.7 | 2.4 | 6.2 | 5.5 | 9.0 | 4.0 |
| Ethyl hydroxy caproate | – | 0.2 | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| Ethyl decanoate | 2.4 | 1.3 | 1.1 | 1.3 | 1.8 | 0.6 | 2.1 | 2.6 | 3.5 | 2.1 |
| Diethyl succinate | 1.1 | 1.0 | 1.9 | 2.7 | 1.1 | 2.4 | 1.8 | 2.4 | 1.9 | 2.8 |
| Ethyl 9 decenoate | 5.3 | 1.5 | 1.5 | 1.3 | 3.2 | 0.7 | 2.4 | 3.0 | 3.4 | 1.9 |
| Ethyl phenyl acetate | 0.2 | 0.2 | 2.4 | 0.7 | 0.1 | 0.9 | 0.6 | 0.2 | 0.1 | 0.1 |
| Phenyl acetate | 3.1 | 2.8 | 2.8 | 6.4 | 2.7 | 2.3 | 2.2 | 6.5 | 4.0 | 4.9 |
| Ethyl 9 octadecenoate | 0.8 | – | 0.2 | 0.1 | 0.3 | – | – | 0.3 | – | – |
| TERPENIC ALCOHOLS | ||||||||||
| Linalool | 3.2 | 0.2 | 2.8 | 1.7 | 1.7 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 1.7 | 0.2 | 0.6 |
| α-terpineol | 1.1 | 0.1 | 0.9 | 0.7 | 0.6 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 1.2 | 0.1 | 0.1 |
| Citronellol | 2.7 | 0.3 | 2.3 | 1.1 | 1.4 | 0.1 | 0.2 | 2.6 | 0.3 | 0.3 |
| ACIDS | ||||||||||
| Acetic acid | 13.9 | 2.7 | 14.3 | 20.2 | 17.7 | 11.7 | 12.2 | 18.1 | 8.1 | 8.3 |
| Isobutyric acid | 0.2 | 0.3 | 0.1 | 0.7 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.8 | 0.4 | 0.3 | 0.2 |
| Decanoic acid | 3.9 | 2.8 | 4.3 | 5.2 | 3.6 | 1.6 | 4.4 | 6.0 | 3.2 | 6.5 |
| 3-methyl butyric acid | 2.2 | 1.7 | 1.5 | 4.6 | 2.1 | 2.7 | 5.5 | 2.0 | 1.9 | 1.8 |
| 2,2-dimethyl octanoic acid | – | 0.9 | 1.4 | 2.5 | 0.9 | 0.4 | 2.8 | 3.0 | 1.2 | 2.4 |
| Octanoic acid | 3.4 | 10.6 | 24.8 | 18.4 | 27.9 | 19.2 | 29.0 | 33.6 | 17.2 | 22.2 |
*
Under the detection limit; The coefficient of variability, defined as the ratio of the standard deviation to the mean, ranged between 5 and 7%.