Table 5.
Characteristics | Internet sample na=1334 |
Paper sample na=3557 |
|
Physician characteristic (Model 1) |
Patients characteristic (Model 2) |
Physician and patient characteristics (Model 3) |
|||||
|
|
% | % | P b | OR | 95% CI | OR | 95% CI | OR | 95% CI | |
Physician gender |
|
|
|
.001 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Men | 73.45 | 65.27 |
|
1 |
|
1 |
|
|
|
|
|
Womenc | 26.55 | 34.73 |
|
0.61 | 0.52-0.72 |
|
|
0.60 | 0.51-0.70 | |
Physician age |
|
|
|
.001 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
18-39 years old | 29.20 | 21.40 |
|
1 |
|
|
|
1 |
|
|
|
40-49 | 32.16 | 28.23 |
|
0.87 | 0.72-1.04 |
|
|
0.86 | 0.72-1.04 | |
|
50-59 | 27.96 | 35.81 |
|
0.56 | 0.46-0.68 |
|
|
0.55 | 0.45-0.67 | |
|
60+ | 10.68 | 14.56 |
|
0.54 | 0.42-0.70 |
|
|
0.52 | 0.40-0.68 | |
Physician medical specialty |
|
|
|
.001 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
GPs in private practice | 11.21 | 20.69 |
|
1 |
|
|
|
1 |
|
|
|
Oncologists | 3.24 | 4.00 |
|
1.05 | 0.68-1.63 |
|
|
1.02 | 0.62-1.67 | |
|
Cardiologists | 2.89 | 3.04 |
|
1.16 | 0.73-1.84 |
|
|
1.15 | 0.69-1.91 | |
|
Geriatrists in hospitals | 6.57 | 7.56 |
|
1.54 | 1.10-2.16 |
|
|
1.51 | 1.04-2.17 | |
|
Geriatrists elsewhere | 10.92 | 11.91 |
|
1.44 | 1.05-1.96 |
|
|
1.42 | 0.99-2.04 | |
|
Emergency physicians | 17.78 | 13.54 |
|
1.55 | 1.14-2.11 |
|
|
1.41 | 1.02-1.95 | |
|
Anesthesiologists | 18.72 | 9.25 |
|
2.39 | 1.76-3.25 |
|
|
2.18 | 1.50-3.16 | |
|
Other specialist in hospital | 3.74 | 3.80 |
|
1.29 | 0.86-1.94 |
|
|
1.24 | 0.79-1.94 | |
|
Other specialist outside hospital | 11.87 | 12.50 |
|
1.20 | 0.89-1.64 |
|
|
1.18 | 0.82-1.71 | |
|
Other GPs | 7.36 | 8.32 |
|
1.46 | 1.07-2.01 |
|
|
1.44 | 1.03-2.02 | |
|
GPs in hospitals | 5.71 | 5.40 |
|
1.75 | 1.21-2.54 |
|
|
1.69 | 1.12-2.57 | |
Physician town size |
|
|
|
.001 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
>200,000 | 25.59 | 15.26 |
|
1 |
|
|
|
1 |
|
|
|
<10,000 | 17.90 | 30.19 |
|
0.58 | 0.45-0.75 |
|
|
0.59 | 0.45-0.76 | |
|
10,000-20,000 | 11.02 | 12.44 |
|
0.84 | 0.66-1.07 |
|
|
0.81 | 0.63-1.05 | |
|
20,000-100,000 | 32.66 | 32.64 |
|
0.62 | 0.51-0.75 |
|
|
0.61 | 0.50-0.74 | |
|
100,000-200,000 | 12.83 | 9.47 |
|
0.50 | 0.39-0.63 |
|
|
0.49 | 0.39-0.63 | |
Death certificates (3 months) |
|
|
|
.001 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
0 | 3.42 | 6.15 |
|
1 |
|
|
|
1 |
|
|
|
1-2 | 18.40 | 22.01 |
|
1.26 | 0.87-1.83 |
|
|
1.28 | 0.88-1.85 | |
|
3-4 | 27.96 | 28.53 |
|
1.29 | 0.87-1.92 |
|
|
1.34 | 0.90-2.00 | |
|
5-9 | 27.91 | 25.66 |
|
1.27 | 0.81-1.98 |
|
|
1.27 | 0.81-2.01 | |
|
10-19 | 15.73 | 12.60 |
|
1.23 | 0.85-1.78 |
|
|
1.27 | 0.88-1.85 | |
|
20+ | 6.57 | 5.06 |
|
1.19 | 0.81-1.73 |
|
|
1.20 | 0.82-1.76 | |
Physician medical decision |
|
|
|
.0242 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Sudden death | 17.53 | 16.68 |
|
1 |
|
1 |
|
1 |
|
|
|
Life-prolonging treatment | 12.62 | 12.04 |
|
1.05 | 0.80-1.36 | 0.90 | 0.69-1.16 | 1.02 | 0.77-1.35 | |
|
Treatment withheld | 13.12 | 15.10 |
|
1.02 | 0.79-1.32 | 0.88 | 0.68-1.14 | 1.05 | 0.80-1.39 | |
|
Treatment withdrawn | 4.94 | 3.96 |
|
1.15 | 0.80-1.67 | 1.17 | 0.82-1.67 | 1.18 | 0.81-1.73 | |
|
Intensity of pain alleviation | 27.46 | 28.31 |
|
1.11 | 0.88-1.40 | 0.97 | 0.77-1.22 | 1.13 | 0.88-1.47 | |
|
Medication to hasten death | 0.33 | 0.96 |
|
0.44 | 0.15-1.28 | 0.35 | 0.12-0.99 | 0.43 | 0.15-1.27 | |
|
None of the above | 24.00 | 22.95 |
|
1.44 | 1.08-1.71 | 1.09 | 0.87-1.36 | 1.39 | 1.09-1.78 | |
Patient gender |
|
|
|
.134 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Men | 52.43 | 50.01 |
|
|
|
1 |
|
1 |
|
|
|
Women | 47.57 | 49.99 |
|
|
|
1.00 | 0.87-1.15 | 1.03 | 0.89-1.19 | |
Patient age |
|
|
|
.001 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
18-49 | 5.43 | 5.06 |
|
|
|
1 |
|
1 |
|
|
|
50-69 | 21.93 | 17.43 |
|
|
|
1.21 | 0.86-1.15 | 1.23 | 0.87-1.75 | |
|
70-79 | 21.86 | 19.24 |
|
|
|
1.08 | 0.77-1.52 | 1.19 | 0.84-1.70 | |
|
80-89 | 37.00 | 39.22 |
|
|
|
0.86 | 0.62-1.19 | 1.06 | 0.75-1.50 | |
|
90+ | 13.78 | 19.05 |
|
|
|
0.67 | 0.46-0.96 | 0.90 | 0.61-1.33 | |
Place of death |
|
|
|
.001 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Hospital | 64.10 | 56.52 |
|
|
|
1 |
|
1 |
|
|
|
Home | 21.07 | 24.00 |
|
|
|
0.76 | 0.64-0.92 | 1.04 | 0.81-1.36 | |
|
Nursing/retirement home | 12.03 | 16.69 |
|
|
|
0.73 | 0.58-0.90 | 1.02 | 0.78-1.32 | |
|
Other | 2.80 | 2.79 |
|
|
|
0.87 | 0.56-1.32 | 1.20 | 0.75-1.91 | |
Cause of patient death |
|
|
|
.033 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Cancer | 25.19 | 28.45 | .019 |
|
|
1 |
|
1 |
|
|
|
Cardiovascular disease | 24.49 | 24.32 | .900 |
|
|
1.41 | 1.14-1.74 | 1.11 | 0.88-1.39 | |
|
Neurological disease | 13.91 | 14.90 | .362 |
|
|
1.31 | 1.04-1.65 | 1.08 | 0.84-1.38 | |
|
Infectious disease | 8.80 | 6.28 | .003 |
|
|
1.78 | 1.35-2.34 | 1.32 | 0.98-1.77 | |
|
Respiratory disease | 6.76 | 6.52 | .729 |
|
|
1.39 | 1.04-1.86 | 1.12 | 0.82-1.53 | |
|
Digestive disease | 5.00 | 4.03 | .113 |
|
|
1.42 | 1.00-2.00 | 1.18 | 0.82-1.71 | |
|
Mental health | 3.01 | 3.12 | .819 |
|
|
1.46 | 0.96-2.22 | 1.35 | 0.87-2.09 | |
|
Violent death | 3.07 | 3.59 | .417 |
|
|
1.03 | 0.67-1.58 | 0.80 | 0.51-1.27 | |
|
Other | 9.77 | 8.78 | .300 |
|
|
1.56 | 1.19-2.06 | 1.35 | 0.87-2.09 |