Table 1.
DAPHNE scale
| Normal (0) | Very mild (1) | Mild (2) | Moderate (3) | Severe (4) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Disinhibition | |||||
| Loss of social convenience | no trouble | subject makes unpleasant, hurtful comments to family members; subject seeks out contact with strangers | subject makes unpleasant, hurtful comments to strangers | subject is unable to participate in any social activity because of inappropriate social behavior (impatience, etc.) | subject interrupts strangers’ activities, behaves inappropriately and disturbs public order (obscene words, urination, etc.) |
| Inappropriate joviality | no trouble | subject is jovial and laughs unreasonably but in appropriate situations and can stop when asked to | subject is jovial and laughs unreasonably in appropriate situations but cannot stop when asked to | subject is jovial in embarrassing situations (talks to strangers, etc.) | subject is jovial and says unacceptable words (jokes, sneers) in inappropriate situations (at funerals, with young children, etc.) |
| Unrestrained spending habits | no trouble | subject buys a lot by mail order or repeatedly buys the same low-value things, but can listen to reason | subject buys a lot by mail order or repeatedly buys the same low-value things, but cannot listen to reason | subject buys lots of useless things, buys expensive objects and does not understand that they are excessive and inappropriate | subject is indebted because of lots of expensive purchases or gambling (card games, casino, etc.) |
| Sexual disinhibition | no trouble | subject makes inappropriate sexual comments or jokes, but can stop if asked to | subject makes inappropriate and uncontrolled sexual comments or jokes, which he/she then acts on | subject makes inappropriate and uncontrolled sexual comments or jokes, which he/she then acts on; subject is indecent (undresses in inappropriate places, etc.) | subject displays unwanted and inappropriate sexual behavior (public masturbation, sexual touching of a minor, sexual attraction to animals, etc.) |
| Apathy | |||||
| Loss of initiative, social interest | no trouble | subject can take part in usual activities, but must be encouraged to do anything outside of the ordinary | subject can take part in usual activities, but does not complete them; subject can restart an activity, but only with stimulation | subject interrupts activities and does not restart them, even with stimulation; subject does not want to do usual activities | subject has no interest; does not do anything despite stimulation, stays in his/her seat or in bed all day |
| Loss of empathy | |||||
| Emotional blunting, indifference | no trouble | subject complains about loss of emotion towards relatives | subject shows little interest in stories from relatives or in emotionally current matters; subject has difficulty expressing feelings | subject is indifferent to relatives, does not care about them, and is not concerned when people speak about him/her | subject is unable to express or decipher any emotion, can have inappropriate emotional responses |
| Perseverations | |||||
| Fixed ideas, stereotypical behavior | no trouble | subject collects usual objects or has trouble getting rid of things or has routine activities | subject collects unusual objects or does not throw anything away, has ritualized activities or has obsessions (hours, etc.), but this is consistent with social life | subject collects lots of objects or has difficulty sitting still, has obsessional rituals that interfere with social life | subject has continuous rituals (grinding of teeth, rubbing of body, grasping of objects, repetition of words or sentences); subject does not stand still |
| Hyperorality | |||||
| Eating disorders, new preference for sweets | no trouble | subject has a new preference for sweets | subject has new or bizarre food preferences but can listen to reason | subject eats or drinks excessively and cannot listen to reason (padlock on cupboard, etc.) | subject eats and drinks everything within reach, including in other people's plates or glasses, or eats inedible substances |
| Bulimia, gluttony | no trouble | subject eats much more, has put on weight | subject eats gluttonously, voraciously, without getting dirty | subject eats quickly and gets dirty, takes big pieces, risking choking | subject eats with hands, uncleanly, does not cut his food, keeps food in mouth; subject has put on a lot of weight |
| Neglect | |||||
| Personal neglect | no trouble | subject looks less neat | subject must be stimulated to wash or change clothes | subject can wash or change clothes only when threatened or tricked | subject has very poor hygiene (dirty fingernails, dirty hair, dirty clothes, etc.) |
DAPHNE-6 (screening) is computed from the six synthetic binary domains. For a given domain, score 1 point if at least one symptom is present, regardless of the number of items present in the domain and irrespective of the severity. The maximum score is six.
DAPHNE-40 (diagnosis) is computed as the sum of the boxes of the ten items. The maximum score is 40.