Figure 8. Cardiomyocyte contractile properties in young or old WT and MIF−/− mice treated with or without the autophagy inducer rapamycin.
Rapamycin treatment (2 mg/kg body weight/d, i.p.) were initiated when MIF−/− mice were 22-month old for 2-month. (A) Resting cell length; (B) Peak shortening (PS, normalized to resting cell length); (C) Maximal velocity of shortening (+dL/dt); (D) Maximal velocity of relengthening (−dL/dt); (E) Time-to-peak shortening (TPS); and (F) Time-to-90% relengthening (TR90). Mean ± SEM, n = 90–107 cells per group, *p < 0.05 vs. WT young group, #p < 0.05 vs. WT old group, †p < 0.05 vs. MIF−/− old group.