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. 2015 Jul 27;26:1159–1179. doi: 10.1007/s00330-015-3908-8

Table 1.

Article details and study population

First author Year of publ. Journal Country Inclusion via Overall N included/of which with autopsy Age mean, range (years) Sex ratio, male:female (n) Postmortem interval
To alternative To autopsy
Non-invasive methods Puranik [45] 2014 J Cardiovasc Magn Reson Australia Department of Forensic Medicine 17/ 17 22.7, 1.5-35 13:4* n/r Mean: 56.1 h
Roberts [37] 2012 Lancet United Kingdom Coroner 182/ 182 n/r n/r n/r n/r
Takahashi [38] 2012 Eur Radiol Japan Emergency Department 494/ 20 Median: 74, 0-101 among autopsied: 46.5 306:188 among autopsied: 16:4 Mean: 21.7 m Within 4-24 h after imaging
Westphal [39] 2012 Virchows Arch Germany Hospital, Department of Pathology 29/ 28 59, 0-91 19:10 Mean: 50 h Mean: 62 h
Wichmann [46] 2012 Ann Intern Med Germany 9 Intensive Care Units 162/ 47 among autopsied: 63 among autopsied: 26:21 n/r n/r
Roberts [47] 2003 Histopathology United Kingdom Coroner 10/ 10 n/r n/r Median: 2d n/r
Patriquin [48] 2001 J Magn Reson Imaging USA n/r 8/ 8 64 4:4 Within 12 h Within 12 h of imaging
Minimally invasive methods With radiological imaging Wichmann [49] 2014 Ann Intern Med Germany Department of Intensive Care Medicine 50/ 50 70, 27-84 38:12 Median: 4d Median: 6d
Ross [43] 2012 Radiology Switzerland Institute of Forensic Medicine 20/ 20 56, 15-80 16:4 Mean: 19 h n/r
Bolliger [44] 2010 Am J Roentgenol Switzerland Institute of Forensic Medicine 20/ 20 56.4, 15-82 14:6 n/r n/r
Weustink [50] 2009 Radiology The Netherlands Hospital (wards) 30/ 30 65.7, 46-79 19:11 Mean: 9.6 h Additional mean: 15.1 h
Fariña [40] 2002 Virchows Arch Spain n/r 100/ 100 n/r n/r n/r n/r
Fariña [41] 1998 J Echogr Med Ultrasons Spain n/r 130/ 130 n/r n/r n/r n/r
Without Fan [51] 2010 Forensic Sci Int China Coroner 22/ 22 74.01, 32-96 11:11 n/r n/r
Cacchione [52] 2001 Surg Endosc USA Hospital 25/ 9 71.6, 44-94 n/r All procedures completed within 24 h after death
Huston [42] 1996 Mod Pathol USA n/r 20/ 20 13-84 n/r Range: 3-72 h n/r

* originally reported as 71 % men