Table 4.
Fish consumption and associations with metabolic syndrome
| Model | Age group | B | OR | 95 % CI | P |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Both fatty and lean | |||||
| 1 | <45 years | 0.082 | 1.09 | 0.83–1.42 | 0.6 |
| 1 | 45–59 years | 0.189 | 1.21 | 0.93–1.57 | 0.2 |
| 1 | 60–70 years | −0.444 | 0.64 | 0.45–0.91 | 0.01 |
| 2 | <45 years | 0.057 | 1.06 | 0.81–1.39 | 0.7 |
| 2 | 45–59 years | 0.202 | 1.22 | 0.94–1.60 | 0.1 |
| 2 | 60–70 years | −0.427 | 0.65 | 0.46–0.93 | 0.02 |
| 3 | <45 years | −0.142 | 0.87 | 0.52–1.45 | 0.6 |
| 3 | 45–59 years | 0.104 | 1.11 | 0.72–1.70 | 0.6 |
| 3 | 60–70 years | −0.141 | 0.87 | 0.51–1.49 | 0.6 |
| Fatty fish | |||||
| 1 | <45 years | 0.207 | 1.23 | 0.95–1.59 | 0.1 |
| 1 | 45–59 years | 0.124 | 1.13 | 0.97–1.33 | 0.1 |
| 1 | 60–70 years | 0.126 | 1.13 | 0.94–1.37 | 0.2 |
| 2 | <45 years | 0.210 | 1.23 | 0.95–1.60 | 0.1 |
| 2 | 45–59 years | 0.120 | 1.13 | 0.96–1.33 | 0.1 |
| 2 | 60–70 years | 0.122 | 1.13 | 0.93–1.37 | 0.2 |
| 3 | <45 years | 0.324 | 1.38 | 0.87–2.20 | 0.2 |
| 3 | 45–59 years | 0.179 | 1.20 | 0.91–1.57 | 0.2 |
| 3 | 60–70 years | 0.211 | 1.24 | 0.91–1.67 | 0.2 |
| Lean fish | |||||
| 1 | <45 years | 0.023 | 1.02 | 0.79–1.32 | 0.9 |
| 1 | 45–59 years | 0.043 | 1.04 | 0.84–1.30 | 0.7 |
| 1 | 60–70 years | −0.439 | 0.65 | 0.48–0.87 | 0.004 |
| 2 | <45 years | 0.000 | 1.00 | 0.77–1.30 | 1.0 |
| 2 | 45–59 years | 0.066 | 1.07 | 0.85–1.34 | 0.6 |
| 2 | 60–70 years | −0.439 | 0.65 | 0.48–0.87 | 0.004 |
| 3 | <45 years | −0.111 | 0.90 | 0.55–1.46 | 0.7 |
| 3 | 45–59 years | −0.045 | 0.96 | 0.66–1.38 | 0.8 |
| 3 | 60–70 years | −0.268 | 0.77 | 0.49–1.20 | 0.2 |
OR and P value by logistic regression (binary) with metabolic syndrome as dependent and frequency of fish consumption as independent (less than once a week/once a week or more)
Metabolic syndrome criteria by the JIS definition: waist circumference ≥94 cm in men and ≥80 cm in women, triglycerides ≥150 mg/dL (1.7 mmol/L), HDL cholesterol <40 mg/dL (1.0 mmol/L) in men and <50 mg/dL (1.3 mmol/L) in women, glucose ≥100 mg/dL (5.5 mmol/L), systolic blood pressure ≥130 mm Hg and diastolic blood pressure ≥85 mm Hg. Plasma glucose measured in Tromsø 4 was not fasting. Fish consumption (less than once a week/once a week or more). Numbers of participants vary because of missing information variables. The Tromsø Study: Tromsø 4
Model 1 adjusted for gender
Model 2 further adjusted for education, physical activity, living with a spouse
Model 3 further adjusted for parity, lactation