Table 3.
Odds (95 % CI) of cohort member drinking
| Model 0 | Model 1 | Model 2 | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Gender | ||||||
| Girl | 0.68*** | (0.60 to 0.77) | 0.67*** | (0.58 to 0.78) | 0.68*** | (0.58 to 0.79) |
| Signs of pubertal changes | ||||||
| Yes | 1.38*** | (1.17 to 1.63) | 1.40*** | (1.19 to 1.65) | ||
| Birth order | ||||||
| Firstborn | 0.93 | (0.80 to 1.10) | 0.91 | (0.77 to 1.08) | ||
| Socioemotional difficulties | ||||||
| Yes | 0.97 | (0.79 to 1.20) | 0.80 | (0.63 to 1.00) | ||
| Equivalised household income (ref poorest) | ||||||
| Fourth | 0.95 | (0.74 to 1.22) | 0.99 | (0.77 to 1.27) | ||
| Third | 0.97 | (0.73 to 1.27) | 1.00 | (0.76 to 1.32) | ||
| Second | 0.90 | (0.67 to 1.21) | 0.94 | (0.70 to 1.25) | ||
| Richest | 0.89 | (0.66 to 1.18) | 0.92 | (0.69 to 1.24) | ||
| Religious affiliation | ||||||
| Yes | 0.81** | (0.69 to 0.94) | 0.84* | (0.72 to 0.99) | ||
| Anti-social behaviours (ref 0) | ||||||
| 1 | 1.87*** | (1.56 to 2.25) | 1.73*** | (1.43 to 2.09) | ||
| 2 | 3.22*** | (2.13 to 4.87) | 2.80*** | (1.85 to 4.23) | ||
| 3 | 3.67*** | (2.04 to 6.60) | 2.92*** | (1.64 to 5.18) | ||
| 4 | 5.14** | (1.81 to 14.60) | 3.92** | (1.40 to 11.0) | ||
| Truancy (ref No) | ||||||
| Yes | 0.93 | (0.63 to 1.38) | 0.86 | (0.57 to 1.28) | ||
| No answer | 1.07 | (0.31 to 3.71) | 1.11 | (0.34 to 3.60) | ||
| Cigarette smoking (ref No) | ||||||
| Yes | 3.23*** | (2.26 to 4.60) | 3.03*** | (2.17 to 4.24) | ||
| No answer | 0.53 | (0.12 to 2.33) | 0.51 | (0.15 to 1.79) | ||
| Perception of harm from 1–2 drinks per day (ref No/slight risk) | ||||||
| Some risk | 0.88 | (0.70 to 1.10) | ||||
| Great risk | 0.59*** | (0.47 to 0.74) | ||||
| Alcohol expectancies | ||||||
| Positive | 1.87*** | (1.42 to 2.46) | ||||
| Negative | 0.51*** | (0.39 to 0.66) | ||||
| Un-supervised time at weekend/weekday (ref Never/rarely) | ||||||
| Sometimes | 1.03 | (0.85 to 1.26) | ||||
| Often | 1.15 | (0.95 to 1.38) | ||||
| Frequent battles with parents | ||||||
| Yes | 1.25* | (1.05 to 1.50) | ||||
| Relationship between mother and child (ref Very/extremely close) | ||||||
| Fairly/not very close | 1.30 | (0.99 to 1.71) | ||||
| Happy with family (ref Yes) | ||||||
| No | 1.24* | (1.02 to 1.52) | ||||
Model 0 adjusts for gender
Model 1 - Model 0 + puberty, birth order, socioemotional difficulties, income, religion, anti-social behaviour, truancy, cigarette smoking
Model 2 - Model 1 + perception of harm due to alcohol, positive and negative expectancies, parental supervision, battles, closeness, happiness with family
*** p < 0.001, ** p < 0.01, * p < 0.05