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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2016 Dec 1.
Published in final edited form as: Drug Alcohol Depend. 2015 Oct 25;157:121–128. doi: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2015.10.009

Table 3.

Results of multiple regression analyses on HRQoL scores in each of the four participant subgroups

Heroin dependent individuals in time-unlimited treatment a (N=545) PO dependent individuals in time-unlimited treatment a (N=158) PO dependent individuals in short-term taperb (N=155) PO dependent individuals in extended stabilization and taper b (N=239)
Beta SE P-value Beta SE P-value Beta SE P-value Beta SE P-value
Intercept 0.756 0.025 <.001 0.708 0.057 <.001 0.791 0.034 <.001 0.789 0.024 <.001
Pre-treatment ref ref ref ref
On treatment (t) - - - - - - 0.044 0.011 <.001 0.051 0.007 <.001
On treatment-MET (t) 0.044 0.006 <.001 0.071 0.012 <.001 - - - - - -
On treatment-BUP/NX (t) 0.039 0.006 <.001 0.059 0.011 <.001 - - - - - -
Post treatment(t) 0.007 0.016 0.672 0.045 0.031 0.148 - - - 0.050 0.021 0.014
Female gender (vs. male) −0.017 0.010 0.089 −0.039 0.018 0.032 −0.033 0.017 0.063 −0.034 0.012 0.006
Age (deciles) (t0) −0.010 0.008 0.032 −0.010 0.012 0.205 −0.022 0.008 0.008 −0.016 0.006 0.015
White (t0) (vs. Non-white) −0.014 0.011 0.218 0.019 0.026 0.481 - - - - - -
Married (t0) (vs. other) - - - - - - −0.004 0.019 0.838 0.030 0.013 0.027
Employment (t0) (vs. other) - - - - - - 0.013 0.017 0.446 −0.026 0.007 <.001
Mental health condition (t0)c (vs. no condition) −0.014 0.016 0.373 −0.022 0.029 0.454 −0.046 0.018 0.010 −0.054 0.012 <.001
Chronic med. condition (t0) (vs. no condition) - - - - - - −0.052 0.018 0.004 −0.073 0.013 <.0001
Hepatic disease (t0) (vs. no Hepatic disease) −0.026 0.010 0.012 0.001 0.026 0.958 - - - - - -
Stimulant-positive urinalysis (t) (vs. negative urinalysis) −0.010 0.007 0.126 0.020 0.014 0.151 - - - - - -
Sedative/hypnotic use (t0) (vs. no sedative/hypnotic use) - - - - - - −0.037 0.018 0.038 −0.031 0.012 0.010
Stimulant use (t) (vs. no stimulant use) - - - - - - −0.027 0.017 0.115 −0.018 0.010 0.085

Ref: reference category; SE: standard error. MET: methadone; BUP/NX: buprenorphine-naloxone (Suboxone). (t) indicates time-varying covariates, (t0) indicates fixed covariates.

a

Enrolled in the START trial.

b

Enrolled in the POATS trial.

c

Defined as ‘ever being treated or having a history of Schizophrenia, Major Depressive Disorder, Bipolar Disorder, Anxiety or Panic Disorder or clinically significant neurological damage’ in the START trial. Defined as ‘psychiatric problems, past 30 days’ in the POATS trial.