. 2016 Mar 4;16(1):26. doi: 10.1093/jisesa/iev145

Table 2.

Effect of patch size, habitat quality, and isolation on species richness and abundance of red-listed species and functional groups of oak-associated beetles in hollow oaks

	Patch size		Habitat quality		Isolation
	Circum.	Dead branches	Tree form	Openness	high versus low
	Circum.	high/inter. versus low	low/inter. versus high	tree/shrub versus open	high versus low
Species richness
Red-listed species		(+)^a
All oak species			+
Trophic level
Xylophage	(+)^a		+
Xylomycetophage		(+)^a			(−)^a
Fungivore			+
Predator			+
Mixed feeding
Oak association
Specialist
Oak semi-specialist			+
Generalist			+
Abundance
Red-listed individuals	+
All oak individuals	(+)^b	+			(−)^b
Trophic level
Xylophage	+	+	+
Xylomycetophage	+	+	+	–	–
Fungivore		+	(+)^a
Predator				+
Mixed feeding				+
Oak association
Specialist	+
Oak semi-specialist		+			–
Generalist		+		(+)^a	(-)^b

Optimal models of GLMMs were used for species richness and LMMs for log-transformed abundance data. The optimal models were found by backward elimination using the drop1 function in R and AIC as selection criterion. For species, UTM coordinates were used as random effect and entomological region was used as random effect in the LMMs for log-transformed abundance. Only the strongest trend is shown for variables with several levels. Significant effects (P < 0.05) are indicated with a + or − only, whereas the nonsignificant variables (P > 0.05) kept in the optimal models are shown in brackets. For full details, see Supplementary Tables 2 and 3. Explanation: Circum, circumference; Inter., intermediate; ^a0.1 > P > 0.05; ^b0.15 > P > 0.1.