Table 2. Permutational analysis of variance (PERMANOVA) results testing the effect of sampling date and location on benthic fluxes based on Euclidean similarity matrices performed on normalized data.

Regional variation between Salish Sea and NE Pacific
Source of variation	df	MS	Pseudo-F	P (perm)
Region	1	36.868	7.915	<0.01
Residuals	23	4.658
Total	24
Temporal and spatial variation in Salish Sea
Source of variation	df	MS	Pseudo-F	P (perm)
Site	3	13.395	4.092	<0.01
Date	2	15.854	4.843	<0.01
Site x Date	2	5.564	1.700	0.076
Residuals	19	3.273
Total	26
Spatial variation in NE Pacific
Source of variation	df	MS	Pseudo-F	P (perm)
Site	4	14.319	4.813	<0.01
Residuals	11	2.975
Total	15