Table 1.

Site characteristics

	Kaski district—peri-urban site	Gorkha district—rural hills site	Mustang district—rural mountain site
District Human Development Index valuesa	0.576	0.481	0.508
Major caste/ethnic groupsb	Chhetri and Brahmin	Gurung	Thakali and Dalit
Nearest hospital	15 km (1/2 h private car or motorbike/1 h bus)	Min. 45 km (min. 1 h walk + 5 h bus)	Min. 28 km (min. 3 h bus)
Nearest road	0 min to paved road	Min. 1 h walk to dry weather road	0–2 h walk to dry weather road
Populationc	12 262	5712	1550
Householdsc	3019	1257	396
Sampled households	116	275	180

^aGovernment of Nepal and UNDP (2014); ^bLarsen et al. (2014); ^cCentral Bureau of Statistics (2012).