Table 3.
Changes in Diet Quality (HEI-2005) and Subcomponent Scores Associated with tree nut/dried fruit consumption in adults (19+ years)
| Diet Quality (HEI-2005) and Subcomponent Scores Associated with Tree nut or Dried Fruit Consumption in Adults (19+)a | Calculated Difference from Non-Consumer in each food categoryb | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Tree Nut Consumer | Tree Nut Non-Consumer | Dried Fruit Consumer | Dried Fruit Non-Consumer | Tree Nut | Dried fruit | |
| HEI Component Score | LS Mean (SE) | LS Mean (SE) | ||||
| Total Score (100) | 61.2 (0.70)* | 52.4 (0.30) | 59.3 (0.50)* | 49.4 (0.20) | 8.8 | 9.9 |
| Total Fruit (5) | 2.5 (0.10)* | 2.1 (0.03) | 3.3 (0.08)* | 2.0 (0.05) | 0.4 | 1.3 |
| Whole Fruit (5) | 2.4 (0.09)* | 2.0 (0.03) | 3.4 (0.07)* | 1.8 (0.04) | 0.4 | 1.7 |
| Total Vegetable (5) | 3.1 (0.09) | 3.0 (0.03) | 3.0 (0.06) | 3.0 (0.03) | ||
| Dark Green & Orange Vegetable (5) | 1.7 (0.11)* | 1.2 (0.03) | 1.5 (0.09)* | 1.2 (0.03) | 0.4 | 0.3 |
| Total Grain (5) | 3.7 (0.06)* | 4.2 (0.02) | 4.3 (0.05)* | 4.2 (0.02) | ‐0.5 | 0.2 |
| Whole Grain (5) | 1.4 (0.11)* | 1.1 (0.02) | 1.8 (0.06)* | 0.9 (0.02) | 0.3 | 0.9 |
| Milk (10) | 5.1 (0.13) | 5.2 (0.05) | 5.4 (0.16)* | 4.7 (0.06) | 0.6 | |
| Meat & Beans (5) | 9.2 (0.08)* | 8.0 (0.04) | 8.0 (0.13) | 8.2 (0.04) | 1.2 | |
| Oils (10) | 8.7 (0.08)* | 6.3 (0.05) | 5.7 (0.15) | 5.3 (0.05) | 2.4 | |
| Saturated Fat | 6.2 (0.18) | 5.8 (0.06) | 6.8 (0.14)* | 5.9 (0.06) | 1.0 | |
| Sodium (10) | 4.4 (0.15)* | 3.3 (0.04) | 4.9 (0.14)* | 4.2 (0.05) | 1.1 | 0.7 |
| SoFAAS Calories (20) | 12.8 (0.32)* | 10.2 (0.11) | 11.1 (0.24)* | 8.2 (0.14) | 2.7 | 3.0 |
aSample weighted regression analyses with the following covariates: gender, age, race/ethnicity, and energy. Dried fruit data from NHANES 1999-2004. Tree nut data from NHANES 2005-2010. Data adapted from 21, 24)
bShading indicates potential complementary contribution of tree nuts and dried fruit LS Mean: Least square mean; SE: Standard error; SoFAAS: Solid fat, alcohol, and added sugars
*Difference between non-consumer and consumer in each food category (tree nut or dried fruit) p < 0.01