Table 1.
Cost-effectiveness analyses on circumcision, condom and behavioral/community-based HIV prevention strategies
| Title | Model Type | Strategy | Results | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| $/Infection averted |
$/QALY gained or $/DALY averted1 |
Other | |||
| Circumcision & Condoms | |||||
| Costs and impacts of scaling-up voluntary medical male circumcision in Tanzania [9] |
Decision- Makers’ Program Planning Tool |
Circumcision scale-up to 88% coverage |
$3,200-11,300 depending on time horizon |
Not reported (2010 USD) |
Avert 190,500 infections over 15 yrs |
| Estimating the cost-effectiveness of HIV prevention programs in Vietnam, 2006-2010: a modeling study [10] |
Optima [58] dynamic, population based |
Determine cost- effectiveness of condom promotion |
$360 for MSM $1,061 for FSW |
$103/DALY averted for MSM $302/DALY averted for FSW (2015 USD*) |
ART cost $3,186/infected averted and $164/DALY averted |
| Modelling the impact and cost- effectiveness of combination prevention amongst HIV serodiscordant couples in Nigeria [11] |
Deterministic, compartmental, cohort |
Compare condom promotion, PrEP, and TasP in serodiscordant couples |
Not reported | ICER $1,206/DALY (2012 USD) |
ICER of adding TasP ($1,607/DALY), and short-term PrEP ($7,870/DALY) |
| Estimating the hypothetical dual health impact and cost- effectiveness of the Woman’s Condom in selected sub-Saharan African countries [12] |
Impact 2 (Marie Stopes Intl) PSI DALY calculator |
Distribute 100,000 woman’s condoms to each country during a 1-year period |
Not reported | $107-303/DALY averted depending on country and condom cost (2012 USD) |
Prevent on average 21 HIV infections and 194 pregnancies per country |
| Behavioral or Community-Based | |||||
| Cost-effectiveness of interventions to prevent HIV and STDs among women: a randomized controlled trial (United States) [14] |
Bernoullian mathematical |
Comparison of three increasingly intensive behavioral interventions for IDU women |
$50,774-208,316 depending on intervention |
Well-woman exam is cost-saving and dominates other strategies (2014 USD*) |
Well-woman exam also most cost-effective for preventing STDs |
| Cost-effectiveness analysis of brief and expanded evidence- based risk reduction interventions for HIV-infected people who inject drugs in the United States [15] |
Dynamic compartmental transmission |
Compare two behavioral interventions for HIV- infected IDUs to the status quo |
Not reported | $7,707- 24,072/QALY gained depending on strategy (2015 USD*) |
Avert 19,000- 74,000 infections depending on strategy and coverage |
| Cost-effectiveness of HIV prevention for high-risk groups at scale: an economic evaluation of the Avahan programme in south India [16] |
Population-level dynamic compartmental |
Estimate impact and cost of scale-up of a combination behavioral intervention for MSM and FSW |
$785 | $46/DALY averted (2011 USD) |
ART savings as a result of the program would be $77 million |
| Community mobilisation and empowerment as part of HIV prevention for female sex works in southern India: a cost- effectiveness analysis [17] |
Population-level dynamic compartmental |
Add community mobilization and empowerment to core HIV prevention services |
$230 | $14/DALY averted (2011 USD) |
Cost-saving if include ART costs |
QALY: quality-adjusted life year; DALY: disability-adjusted life year; USD: United States dollars; yr: year; MSM: men who have sex with men; FSW: female sex workers; ART: antiretroviral therapy; PrEP: pre-exposure prophylaxis; TasP: treatment as prevention; ICER: incremental cost-effectiveness ratio; PSI: Population Services International; STD: sexually transmitted disease; IDU: injecting drug user.
1
The asterisk (*) next to YEAR USD indicates year of article publication when year of USD is not reported in the article.