. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2017 Feb 1.

Published in final edited form as: Curr HIV/AIDS Rep. 2016 Feb;13(1):20–30. doi: 10.1007/s11904-016-0298-8

Table 1. Known effects of specific antiretroviral agents on adipocytes.

Type of Adipose Tissue Disturbance	Implicated Antiretroviral Agents

Impaired adipogenesis or adipocyte differentiation or function	Lopinavir/ritonavir [48, 49], ritonavir [48], efavirenz [50, 51], rilpivirine [50], stavudine [52]
Pre-adipocyte autophagy and apoptosis	Atazanavir [53]
Impairment of lipid and/or glucose metabolism	Atazanavir/ritonavir [54], lopinavir/ritonavir [48, 49], ritonavir [48], ± darunavir [48, 49], NNRTIs [54], efavirenz [50], NRTI [54]
Impairment of mitochondrial function	Atazanavir [53], azanavir/ritonavir [48], saquinavir [55], lopinavir/ritonavir [48], ritonavir [48], NRTIs [52, 56-58]
Pro-inflammatory	Atazanavir/ritonavir [48] lopinavir/ritonavir[48], ritonavir [48], efavirenz [50, 51, 59], rilpivirine [50]
Prelamin A accumulation	Protease inhibitors [44]