Fig.3. IVIG attenuates in vivo osteoclastogenesis in the TNF-induced supracalvarial osteolysis mouse model.
(a-d) TNF (1.5 µg of mouse TNF) was injected over calvarial periosterium of mice (n=6/group) for five consecutive days, and either saline control or IVIG (1 mg/kg body weight) was administered intraperitoneally (i.p.) once per day. (a) Experimental scheme. (b) Representative images of TRAP+ osteoclasts in calvarial sections. Scale bar = 240 µm (c and d) Histomorphometric analysis; osteoclast number per bone surface (N.Oc/BS) and osteoclast surface area per bone surface (OC.S/BS). *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ns = not significant by unpaired t-test.