. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2017 Feb 1.

Published in final edited form as: Child Abuse Negl. 2015 Dec 22;52:146–157. doi: 10.1016/j.chiabu.2015.11.020

Table 2.

Primary- and Secondary-Order Parameters in Unconditional Curve-of-Factors Model

	Unstandardized	Standardized
Primary order
Substance use factor loading (λ)
Alcohol	1.00	.87, .85, .86
Marijuana	1.07	.93, .91, .92
Hard drugs	1.18	1.02, 1.00, 1.01
Residual variance (σ²)
Substance use, baseline	.20 (.13)	.26
Substance use, 18 months	.28^** (.09)	.39^***
Substance use, 36 months	.28^* (.13)	.37^*
Secondary order
Variance (σ²)
Intercept	.44^*** (.08)	1.00
Slope	.03 (.03)	1.00
Covariance, intercept and slope (σ)	−.02 (.03)	−.12
χ²	48.01^*
RMSEA	.03
CFI	.98

Note. N = 1,178. Unconditional model had 28 degrees of freedom. Unstandardized substance use loadings constrained across time points to establish measurement invariance of the substance use factor, as suggested for curve-of-factor modeling (Duncan et al., 1998; McArdle, 1988). Standardized parameters for these loadings at each time point separated by commas. P-values represent results of two-tailed tests. CFI, comparative fit index; RMSEA, root mean square error of approximation.

p < .05.

^**

p < .01.

^***

p < .001.