Table 3. Burden of frailty and geriatric conditions in the Aging Study of Pyeongchang Rural Area Cohort.
| Characteristics | Men % or mean (SD) |
Women % or mean (SD) |
Total % or mean (SD) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Sample size | 167 | 215 | 382 |
| Age, yr | 73.7 (6.3) | 74.9 (6.6) | 74.4 (6.5) |
| Education level, yr | 7.8 (5.0) | 3.1 (4.7) | 5.1 (5.3) |
| Medical aid (monthly income < USD 500) | 5.4 | 6.0 | 5.8 |
| Living alone† | 12.6 | 30.7 | 22.8 |
| Frailty status by CHS criteria | |||
| Robust | 42.2 | 20.6 | 30.0 |
| Prefrail* | 47.0 | 57.0 | 52.6 |
| Frail* | 10.8 | 22.4 | 17.4 |
| Components of frailty by CHS criteria | |||
| Exhaustion* | 26.3 | 38.6 | 33.2 |
| Low activity | 19.8 | 20.0 | 19.9 |
| Slowness | 12.0 | 19.1 | 16.0 |
| Weakness* | 30.7 | 66.7 | 50.9 |
| Weight loss | 15.0 | 21.4 | 18.6 |
| Multimorbidity† | 23.4 | 38.6 | 31.9 |
| Sarcopenia† | 28.1 | 27.7 | 27.8 |
| ADL disability | 10.8 | 18.1 | 14.9 |
| IADL disability | 22.8 | 33.0 | 38.5 |
| Cognitive dysfunction† | 16.8 | 46.0 | 33.4 |
| Depression† | 8.0 | 18.7 | 14.1 |
| Dismobility | 5.4 | 10.7 | 8.4 |
| Fall in the past year† | 9.0 | 23.3 | 17.1 |
| At risk for malnutrition† | 30.5 | 43.7 | 37.9 |
| Polypharmacy | 3.6 | 1.9 | 2.6 |
| Incontinence | 5.4 | 10.7 | 8.4 |
*P<0.05 comparing men vs. women after adjusting for age; †P<0.01 comparing men vs. women after adjusting for age. ADL, activity of daily living; ASPRA, Aging Study of Pyeongchang Rural Area; CHS, Cardiovascular Health Study; IADL, instrumental activity of daily living; SD, standard deviation; USD, United States dollar.