Table 2. Univariate and multivariate analyses of characteristics predictive of poor retention in care among 247 HIV infected patients included in analyses.
| Variables | Univariate analysis | Multivariate analysis | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| HR (95% CI) | P value | aHR (95% CI) | P value | |
| Sex | ||||
| Male | 1 | - | - | - |
| Female | 1.32 (0.49-3.52) | 0.586 | - | - |
| Age at ART start (yr) | ||||
| > 50 | 1 | - | 1 | |
| 41-50 | 0.91 (0.32-2.63) | 0.916 | 0.82 (0.27-2.48) | 0.722 |
| 31-40 | 1.56 (0.55-4.47) | 0.406 | 1.15 (0.38-3.49) | 0.808 |
| ≤ 30 | 4.70 (1.35-16.41) | 0.015 | 4.08 (1.10-15.15) | 0.036 |
| Route of transmission | ||||
| Homo/bisexual | 1 | - | - | - |
| Heterosexual | 1.67 (0.75-3.76) | 0.212 | - | - |
| IDU/transfusion | 1.75 (0.18-17.27) | 0.632 | - | - |
| Marriage | ||||
| Married | 1 | - | - | - |
| Unmarried | 2.44 (0.98-6.04) | 0.054 | - | - |
| Divorced/separated by death | 2.00 (0.69-5.78) | 0.200 | - | - |
| Health security system | ||||
| Medical aid | 1 | - | - | - |
| Health insurance | 1.43 (0.60-3.37) | 0.420 | - | - |
| Residential area | ||||
| Busan | 1 | - | - | - |
| Surrounding satellite city | 0.60 (0.20-1.85) | 0.377 | - | - |
| Other city or region | 0.65 (0.14-3.01) | 0.577 | - | - |
| Non-HIV related comorbidity (Charlson comorbidity index) * | ||||
| ≥ 1 | 1 | - | 1 | - |
| 0 | 3.25 (0.19-8.87) | 0.021 | 2.94 (1.02-8.49) | 0.046 |
| Psychiatry disorder | ||||
| No | 1 | - | - | - |
| Yes | 0.83 (0.18-3.89) | 0.811 | - | - |
| History of substance abuse | ||||
| No | 1 | - | - | - |
| Yes | 1.18 (0.32-4.39) | 0.808 | - | - |
| CD4 cell counts on ART initiation, cells/µL | ||||
| ≤ 200 | 1 | - | 1 | - |
| 201-300 | 2.14 (0.86-5.34) | 0.104 | 2.13 (0.81-5.59) | 0.123 |
| > 300 | 3.42 (1.32-8.87) | 0.011 | 3.58 (1.33-9.65) | 0.012 |
| Clinical category at ART start | ||||
| C | 1 | - | ||
| B | 3.29 (1.07-10.16) | 0.038 | ||
| A | 4.05 (1.15-14.27) | 0.030 | ||
| Duration from HIV diagnosis to ART initiation, yr | ||||
| < 1 | 1 | - | - | |
| 1-5 | 2.64 (1.09-6.41) | 0.031 | - | - |
| > 5 | 1.50 (0.51-4.47) | 0.464 | ||
| First ART | ||||
| NNRTI | 1 | - | - | |
| Boosted PIs | 2.50 (0.90-6.95) | 0.079 | - | - |
| Unboosted PIs | 1.44 (0.55-3.81) | 0.462 | - | - |
| ART regimen during the 5 yr after ART initiation | ||||
| Mixed | 1 | - | - | |
| NNRTIs | 3.29 (1.07-10.16) | 0.038 | - | - |
| PIs | 4.05 (1.15-14.27) | 0.030 | - | - |
*Excluding AIDS as a co-morbidity. HR, hazard ratio; aHR, adjusted hazard ratio; CI, confidence interval; HIV, human immunodeficiency virus; ART, anti-retroviral therapy; IDU, injection drug user; PI, protease inhibitor; NNRTI, non-nucleotide reverse transcriptase inhibitor.