Table 2. Comparison of baseline characteristics between participants with and without incident abdominal obesity.
| Characteristics | Without incident abdominal obesity (n = 9,472) | With incident abdominal obesity (n = 1,740) | P value* |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age, yr | 44.1 ± (7.6) | 45.3 ± (7.8) | < 0.001 |
| BMI, kg/m2 | 23.1 ± (2.1) | 25.8 ± (1.6) | < 0.001 |
| WC, cm | 80.2 ± (5.6) | 86.1 ± (3.2) | < 0.001 |
| Systolic BP, mmHg | 111.6 ± (13.9) | 116.0 ± (13.2) | < 0.001 |
| Diastolic BP, mmHg | 76.9 ± (9.3) | 80.2 ± (8.9) | < 0.001 |
| Total cholesterol, mg/dL | 191.2 ± (30.6) | 196.6 ± (30.5) | < 0.001 |
| Triglyceride, mg/dL | 128.4 ± (69.5) | 153.0 ± (79.3) | < 0.001 |
| HDL-cholesterol, mg/dL | 51.3 ± (10.4) | 48.1 ± (9.3) | < 0.001 |
| LDL-cholesterol, mg/dL | 112.2 ± (25.9) | 117.0 ± (26.2) | < 0.001 |
| Fasting serum glucose, mg/dL | 96.6 ± (14.4) | 98.8 ± (16.8) | < 0.001 |
| HOMA-IR | 1.94 ± (0.79) | 2.31 ± (0.91) | < 0.001 |
| Insulin, uU/dL | 8.1 ± (2.9) | 9.5 ± (2.3) | < 0.001 |
| SCr, mg/dL | 1.13 ± (0.17) | 1.14 ± (0.11) | < 0.001 |
| eGFR, mL/min per 1.73m2 | 79.9 ± (9.9) | 77.7 ± (9.6) | < 0.001 |
| hsCRP, mg/L | 0.12 ± (0.33) | 0.14 ± (0.38) | 0.105 |
| AST, U/L | 23.4 ± (6.8) | 24.2 ± (7.7) | < 0.001 |
| ALT, U/L | 25.0 ± (12.0) | 29.3 ± (14.6) | < 0.001 |
| GGT, U/L | 29.5 ± (17.5) | 35.9 ± (18.9) | < 0.001 |
| Current smoker, % | 35.4 | 38.5 | 0.013 |
| Proper exercise, % | 18.8 | 23.9 | < 0.001 |
| Diabetes mellitus, % | 3.2 | 3.7 | 0.220 |
| Hypertension, % | 14.7 | 23.1 | < 0.001 |
Data are expressed as means (standard deviation) or percentages. *P value by t-test for continuous variables and χ2 test for categorical variables. BMI, body mass index; WC, waist circumference; BP, blood pressure; HDL, high-density lipoprotein; LDL, low-density lipoprotein; HOMA-IR, homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance; SCr, serum creatinine; eGFR, estimated glomerular filtration rate; hsCRP, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein; AST, aspartate aminotransferase; ALT, alanine aminotransferase; GGT, γ-glutamyltransferase.