Table 3. Regression coefficients of the component of metabolic syndrome for elderly patients with eachdomain of disability.
| Variables | ADL Disability | IADL Disability | LSA Disability | LEM Disability | GPA Disability | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| β (95% CI) | P value | β (95% CI) | P value | β (95% CI) | P value | β (95% CI) | P value | β (95% CI) | P value | ||
| Model 1 | Abdominal obesity | 0.041(0.012, 0.069) | 0.005 | 0.061(0.027, 0.095) | <0.001 | 0.026(−0.012, 0.063) | 0.181 | 0.092(0.047, 0.136) | <0.001 | 0.283(0.168, 0.397) | <0.001 |
| High blood pressure | 0.004(−0.017, 0.025) | 0.724 | 0.01(−0.015, 0.035) | 0.435 | 0.002(−0.026, 0.029) | 0.915 | −0.006(−0.039, 0.026) | 0.698 | −0.007(−0.091, 0.077) | 0.871 | |
| High triglycerides | 0.04(0.010, 0.069) | 0.008 | 0.061(0.026, 0.096) | 0.001 | 0.069(0.031, 0.107) | <0.001 | 0.031(−0.015, 0.076) | 0.183 | 0.217(0.104, 0.330) | <0.001 | |
| Low HDL−cholesterol | 0.039(0.009, 0.069) | 0.012 | 0.013(−0.024, 0.050) | 0.487 | 0.03(−0.009, 0.069) | 0.133 | 0.051(0.004, 0.098) | 0.032 | 0.172(0.055, 0.289) | 0.004 | |
| High glucose | 0.023(−0.006, 0.053) | 0.121 | 0.027(−0.009, 0.063) | 0.138 | 0.043(0.005, 0.082) | 0.029 | 0.054(0.008, 0.099) | 0.021 | 0.16(0.046, 0.275) | 0.006 | |
| Model 2 | Abdominal obesity | 0.039(0.010, 0.068) | 0.009 | 0.059(0.024, 0.094) | 0.001 | 0.025(−0.013, 0.064) | 0.199 | 0.086(0.040, 0.131) | <0.001 | 0.256(0.139, 0.372) | <0.001 |
| High blood pressure | 0.001(−0.020, 0.022) | 0.920 | 0.005(−0.020, 0.031) | 0.680 | −0.003(−0.030, 0.025) | 0.852 | −0.014(−0.047, 0.018) | 0.388 | −0.028(−0.112, 0.056) | 0.509 | |
| High triglycerides | 0.034(0.005, 0.064) | 0.022 | 0.059(0.023, 0.094) | 0.001 | 0.065(0.026, 0.103) | 0.001 | 0.031(−0.014, 0.076) | 0.177 | 0.195(0.082, 0.308) | 0.001 | |
| Low HDL−cholesterol | 0.035(0.005, 0.065) | 0.024 | 0.012(−0.025, 0.049) | 0.525 | 0.027(−0.012, 0.067) | 0.172 | 0.053(0.006, 0.099) | 0.027 | 0.16(0.044, 0.277) | 0.007 | |
| High glucose | 0.023(−0.007, 0.053) | 0.128 | 0.027(−0.009, 0.063) | 0.141 | 0.041(0.002, 0.080) | 0.038 | 0.061(0.015, 0.107) | 0.009 | 0.17(0.056, 0.284) | 0.003 | |
| Model 3 | Abdominal obesity | 0.038(0.009, 0.067) | 0.011 | 0.057(0.022, 0.092) | 0.002 | 0.023(−0.016, 0.061) | 0.249 | 0.086(0.040, 0.131) | <0.001 | 0.25(0.134, 0.367) | <0.001 |
| High blood pressure | 0.001(−0.020, 0.022) | 0.903 | 0.004(−0.021, 0.029) | 0.768 | −0.003(−0.031, 0.024) | 0.811 | −0.014(−0.046, 0.019) | 0.418 | −0.032(−0.116, 0.052) | 0.453 | |
| High triglycerides | 0.037(0.007, 0.067) | 0.016 | 0.056(0.019, 0.092) | 0.003 | 0.064(0.025, 0.103) | 0.001 | 0.036(−0.010, 0.082) | 0.129 | 0.198(0.083, 0.313) | 0.001 | |
| Low HDL-cholesterol | 0.03(−0.001, 0.060) | 0.057 | 0.005(−0.032, 0.042) | 0.780 | 0.02(−0.020, 0.060) | 0.319 | 0.043(−0.004, 0.090) | 0.074 | 0.134(0.017, 0.251) | 0.025 | |
| High glucose | 0.019(−0.011, 0.049) | 0.216 | 0.019(-0.017, 0.055) | 0.290 | 0.033(−0.006, 0.072) | 0.095 | 0.055(0.009, 0.101) | 0.019 | 0.148(0.033, 0.262) | 0.011 | |
| Model 4 | Abdominal obesity | 0.043(0.013, 0.073) | 0.004 | 0.058(0.023, 0.094) | 0.001 | 0.027(−0.012, 0.066) | 0.171 | 0.085(0.039, 0.131) | <0.001 | 0.245(0.127, 0.363) | <0.001 |
| High blood pressure | 0.009(−0.015, 0.033) | 0.439 | 0.007(−0.022, 0.035) | 0.652 | 0.001(−0.030, 0.033) | 0.933 | −0.028(−0.066, 0.009) | 0.143 | −0.041(−0.137, 0.055) | 0.401 | |
| High triglycerides | 0.033(0.003, 0.063) | 0.033 | 0.049(0.012, 0.085) | 0.009 | 0.058(0.018, 0.097) | 0.004 | 0.026(−0.021, 0.072) | 0.275 | 0.156(0.041, 0.272) | 0.008 | |
| Low HDL−cholesterol | 0.026(−0.005, 0.057) | 0.098 | −0.001(−0.038, 0.036) | 0.969 | 0.013(−0.026, 0.053) | 0.515 | 0.035(−0.012, 0.082) | 0.146 | 0.097(−0.020, 0.214) | 0.103 | |
| High glucose | 0.009(−0.024, 0.041) | 0.590 | 0.006(−0.033, 0.045) | 0.753 | 0.018(−0.024, 0.061) | 0.395 | 0.037(−0.013, 0.087) | 0.147 | 0.05(−0.074, 0.173) | 0.430 | |
| Model 5 | Abdominal obesity | 0.043(0.013, 0.072) | 0.005 | 0.058(0.022, 0.093) | 0.001 | 0.027(−0.012, 0.066) | 0.177 | 0.085(0.039, 0.131) | <0.001 | 0.243(0.126,0.36) | <0.001 |
| High blood pressure | 0.07(−0.017, 0.031) | 0.571 | 0.001(−0.028,0.029) | 0.962 | −0.002(−0.034, 0.029) | 0.879 | −0.031(−0.068, 0.007) | 0.111 | −0.058(−0.1539, 0.038) | 0.236 | |
| High triglycerides | 0.037(0.007, 0.067) | 0.017 | 0.058(0.022, 0.094) | 0.002 | 0.063(0.023, 0.102) | 0.002 | 0.03(−0.017, 0.076) | 0.208 | 0.178(0.063,0.293) | 0.002 | |
| Low HDL−cholesterol | 0.025(−0.005, 0.056) | 0.106 | −0.002(−0.039, 0.034) | 0.905 | 0.012(−0.027, 0.052) | 0.541 | 0.034(−0.013, 0.081) | 0.156 | 0.094(−0.022, 0.21) | 0.114 | |
| High glucose | 0.005(−0.027, 0.038) | 0.747 | −0.002(−0.04, 0.037) | 0.933 | 0.014(−0.028, 0.056) | 0.515 | 0.033(−0.017, 0.083) | 0.19 | 0.03(−0.093, 0.153) | 0.63 | |
Model 1 = unadjusted Model 2 = Model 1 + age, gender, and race-ethnicity Model 3 = Model 2 + (serum AST, serum total cholesterol, and serum total bilirubin) Model 4 = Model 3 + (smoking, hypertension, type 2 diabetes mellitus, and stroke) Model 5 = Model 4 + (Cognition impairment*) Each disability was defined as any difficulty in performing one or more activities within a given domain and assessed as the sum of each major domain at baseline and analyzed as a continuous variable.
*Cognition impairment was defined as the lowest quartile of DSST score.