Table 1.
Participant demographic and clinical characteristics.
| TD |
ADHD |
|||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Boys (n = 40) | Girls (n = 15) | All (n = 55) | Boys (n = 46) | Girls (n = 19) | All (n = 65) | TD vs. ADHD | ADHD boys vs. girls |
Boys TD vs. ADHD |
Girls TD vs. ADHD |
|
| Mean (SD) | Mean (SD) | Mean (SD) | Mean (SD) | Mean (SD) | Mean (SD) | p-value | p-value | p-value | p-value | |
| Age (years) | 10.1 (1.2) | 10.2 (1.0) | 10.1 (1.2) | 9.7(1.3) | 9.8(1.1) | 9.8(1.2) | .105 | .835 | .218 | .262 |
| Sex (% girls) | n/a | n/a | 27% | n/a | n/a | 29% | .813 | n/a | n/a | n/a |
| Ethnicity (% Caucasian) | 63% | 80% | 67% | 67% | 53% | 63% | .631 | .262 | .635 | .097 |
| SESa | 52.0 (8.6) | 52.6 (10.0) | 52.2 (8.9) | 53.2 (10.0) | 50.5(11.5) | 52.5 (10.4) | .860 | .366 | .552 | .587 |
| WISC-IV FSIQ | 117.1 (12.0) | 113.1 (10.1) | 116.0(11.6) | 107.4(11.9) | 108.5 (12.5) | 107.7 (12.0) | <.001 | .748 | <.001 | .257 |
| WISC-IV GAI | 120.6 (12.4) | 112.3(11.1) | 118.3(12.5) | 111.6(13.0) | 111.2(11.6) | 111.5(12.6) | .004 | .906 | .002 | .780 |
| WISC-IV VCI | 121.9(11.6) | 113.8(11.1) | 119.7(11.9) | 113.0(13.6) | 110.4(10.6) | 112.2(12.8) | .001 | .451 | .002 | .366 |
| WISC-IV PRI | 113.0(12.4) | 106.6 (12.9) | 111.2(12.8) | 108.4(11.5) | 108.2(11.9) | 108.4(11.5) | .198 | .944 | .082 | .708 |
| WISC-IV WMI | 112.7(14.4) | 110.7(13.0) | 112.2(14.0) | 103.2 (12.0) | 101.5(15.1) | 102.7 (12.9) | <.001 | .619 | .001 | .068 |
| WISC-IV PSI | 100.5 (14.3) | 107.5 (11.8) | 102.4 (13.9) | 92.4 (10.9) | 101.8 (14.8) | 95.2 (12.8) | .004 | .006 | .004 | .232 |
| Stimulant Medication (%) | 0% | 0% | 0% | 61% | 47% | 57% | n/a | .317 | n/a | n/a |
| Comorbid ODD (%) | 0% | 0% | 0% | 39% | 53% | 43% | n/a | .317 | n/a | n/a |
| ADHD-RS IA | 3.4 (3.0) | 2.7 (2.8) | 3.2 (2.9) | 19.1 (4.7) | 20.1 (4.6) | 19.3 (4.6) | <.001 | .447 | <.001 | <.001 |
| ADHD-RS HI | 2.7 (2.5) | 1.6 (1.7) | 2.4 (2.4) | 15.9 (6.3) | 15.6 (7.0) | 15.8 (6.5) | <.001 | .859 | <.001 | <.001 |
a
SES was missing for 1 TD and 2 ADHD participants.
SES = Socio-economic status from Hollingshead total score; WISC-IV = Wechsler Scale for Children, Fourth Edition; FSIQ = Full Scale Intelligence Quotient; GAI = General Ability Index; VCI = Verbal Comprehension Index; PRI = Perceptual Reasoning Index; WMI = Working Memory Index; PSI = Processing Speed Index; ADHD-RS IA = ADHD Rating Scale Home Version Inattention raw score; ADHD-RS HI = ADHD Rating Scale Home Version Hyperactive/Impulsive raw score.