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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2016 Aug 20.
Published in final edited form as: Connect Tissue Res. 2015 Aug 20;56(5):403–413. doi: 10.3109/03008207.2015.1060970

Figure 2. Tumor cells in peritumoral lymphatic vessels are epithelial in phenotype.

Figure 2

DU145-LN4 tumor sections from mouse prostate were stained with: (A) H&E; (B,D) podoplanin (Pdpn); (C) EpCAM; or (D) Cytokeratin 18. Serial sections show tumor cells inside lymphatic vessels at the tumor periphery (arrows). Lymphatic vessels were detected with Pdpn staining (B, brown color; D, black color). Tumor cells inside lymphatic vessels appeared as “plugs” and stained positive for the epithelial markers, EpCAM (C, brown color) and Cytokeratin 18 (D, brown color). Sections (B-C) were counterstained with hematoxylin (blue color). This data suggests that lymphatic metastasis does not require EMT. Panels B, D are modified from (38).