The figure shows estimated use of PVADs and IABPs per million discharges, and the error bars represent standard errors. A, Use of PVADs increased from 4.6 per million in 2007 to 138 per million in 2012 (P for trend < .001). In contrast, use of IABPs decreased from 1738 per million in 2008 to 1608 per million in 2012 (P for trend = .02). B, Use of PVADs increased in patients with cardiogenic shock, acute myocardial infarction (AMI) without cardiogenic shock, and percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) without AMI or cardiogenic shock (P for trend < .001 for all). C, Use of IABPs decreased in patients with cardiogenic shock and AMI without cardiogenic shock but increased in patients who underwent PCI without cardiogenic shock or AMI (P for trend < .001 for all).