Table 1.

Currently available disease-modifying treatments for relapsing multiple sclerosis

Molecule	Route	Dosage	Schedule	Brand name	Company
IFNβ1b	SC	250 μg	EOD	Betaseron	Bayer
				Betaferon	Bayer
				Extavia	Novartis
IFNβ1a	IM	30 μg	OW	Avonex	Biogen
	SC	22/44 μg	TIW	Rebif	Merck Serono
PEGylated IFNβ1a	SC	125 μg	E2W	Plegridy	Biogen
Glatiramer acetate	SC	20 mg	OD	Copaxone	Teva
	SC	40 mg	TIW	Copaxone 40	Teva
Mitoxantrone	IV	8–12 mg/mq	E1-3M	Novantrone	Wyeth
Natalizumab	IV	300 mg	E4W	Tysabri	Biogen
Alemtuzumab	IV	12 mg	O5D (1st year)	Lemtrada	Genzyme
			O3D (2nd year)
Fingolimod	PO	0.5 mg	OD	Gilenya	Novartis
Teriflunomide	PO	14 mg	OD	Aubagio	Genzyme
Dimethyl fumarate	PO	240 mg	BID	Tecfidera	Biogen

Abbreviations: BID, bis in die (twice daily); E1-3M, every 1–3 months; E2W, every 2 weeks; E4W, every 4 weeks; EOD, every other day; IM, intramuscular; IV, intravenous; O3D, over 3 days; O5D: over 5 days; OD, once daily; OW, once weekly; PO, per os (by mouth); SC, subcutaneous; TIW, ter in week (thrice weekly).