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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2016 Jul 15.
Published in final edited form as: Clin Cancer Res. 2015 Mar 31;21(14):3274–3285. doi: 10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-14-3118

Figure 4.

Figure 4

Microglia and macrophage secreted TNFα inhibits virus [rHSVQ1] replication in vitro. A–B. Quantification of TNFα secreted by BV2 microglia [A.] or RAW264.7 macrophages [B.] alone, and when cultured with uninfected or infected U251-T2 glioma cells for 12 hours. Data shown is mean concentration TNFα ± SD. C. Viral titers of glioma cells infected at an MOI of 2 alone, with recombinant human TNFα [1000 or 2000 pg/mL], or with BV2 microglia for 12 hours. Data shown is mean virus titer ± SD D. Representative images of U251-T2 glioma cells infected with oHSV [rHSVQ1] at an MOI of 2 with vehicle [Left] or with TNFα [2000 pg/mL] [Right] for 12 hours. White arrows indicated membrane blebbing in infected cells treated with TNFα. E. Western blot of U251-T2 glioma cells alone, treated with TNFα [5000 pg/mL], infected with oHSV at an MOI of 2, or treated with TNFα and oHSV for 12 hours. Infected U251-T2 glioma cells cultured with BV2 microglia is also shown. Caspase 8, cleaved Caspase 3, Cleaved PARP, and GAPDH are shown. Caspase 8 blot shows full length protein [1], cleaved intermediate protein [2], and active protein [3].