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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2016 Jul 15.
Published in final edited form as: Clin Cancer Res. 2015 Mar 31;21(14):3274–3285. doi: 10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-14-3118

Figure 5.

Figure 5

Inhibition of microglia/macrophage secreted TNFα increases virus [rHSVQ1] replication in vitro. A. Representative images of U251-T2 glioma cells infected at an MOI of 2 cultured with bone marrow derived macrophages derived from wild-type or TNFα knockout mice for 12 hours. Large representative images are taken at a 4x magnification with the insets taken at a 20x magnification [white arrows indicate blebbing]. B. 12 hour viral titers of cultures described in A. Data shown is mean virus titer ± SD C. Schematic of experimental setup utilizing murine specific TNFα antibodies to block microglia [branched cells] secreted TNFα in co-cultures with infected glioma cells [oval-shaped cells]. D. Quantification of virus titer obtained from infected glioma cells cultured with BV2 microglia with IgG or anti-murine TNFα blocking antibody [1800 ng/ml]. Data shown is mean virus titer ± SD.