Table 1.
Patients’ characteristics and operative data
| Dex group (n = 25) | Control group (n = 25) | |
| Age (years) | 68.4 ± 6.4 | 69.4 ± 8.7 |
| Sex (M/F) | 12/13 | 11/14 |
| Height (cm) | 162.9 ± 6.9 | 162.3 ± 8.4 |
| Weight (kg) | 60.8 ± 8.9 | 61.3 ± 8.9 |
| BMI (kg m−2) | 22.3 ± 2.7 | 22.7 ± 2.1 |
| ASA physical status, 2/3 | 11/14 | 12/3 |
| Hypertension | 10 | 11 |
| Cardiovascular medication | ||
| RAAS inhibitor | 8 | 8 |
| Calcium channel blocker | 1 | 2 |
| β-adrenergic antagonists | 0 | 1 |
| Furosemide | 2 | 2 |
| Smoking | ||
| Ex-smoker/current smoker | 11/12 | 14/10 |
| Smoking index, pack-years | 36.7 ± 27.1 | 35.8 ± 28.9 |
| Non-smoker | 2 | 1 |
| Medication | ||
| Inhaled corticosteroid | 42.7% | 39.5% |
| Oral corticosteroid | 18.6% | 14.3% |
| Inhaled bronchodilator | 21.3% | 17.9% |
| Oral bronchodilator | 33.6% | 34.2% |
| Muscarinic antagonists | 3.7% | 3.2% |
| Preoperative SpO2, % | 93.8 ± 1.2 | 94.1 ± 1.3 |
| Preoperative spirometry | ||
| FEV1, % predicted | 60.8 ± 5.2 | 61.4 ± 4.1 |
| FVC, % predicted | 82.7 ± 8.6 | 83.1 ± 7.2 |
| FEV1/FVC, % | 55.9 ± 3.2 | 56.1 ± 5.7 |
| FEF25–75%, l s−1 | 26.4 ± 18.9 | 27.1 ± 19.3 |
| FEF50%, l s−1 | 18.9 ± 11.3 | 19.3 ± 12.7 |
| DLco, % predicted | 93.6 ± 8.2 | 92.3 ± 7.6 |
| Intraoperative data | ||
| Anaesthesia time (min) | 193.6 ± 24.6 | 189.7 ± 44.1 |
| Operation time (min) | 163.8 ± 39.4 | 158.1 ± 33.2 |
| OLV time (min) | 125.6 ± 37.1 | 124.7 ± 41.2 |
| Fluid intake (ml) | 791.4 ± 92.3 | 813.2 ± 79.5 |
| Urine output (ml) | 274.5 ± 132.6 | 354.6 ± 132.7 |
| Estimated blood loss (ml) | 122.4 ± 55.6 | 125.6 ± 84.7 |
| Number receiving ephedrine | 9* | 1 |
| Right/left lobectomy | 17/8 | 16/9 |
| Right upper lobe | 8 | 5 |
| Right middle lobe | 2 | 5 |
| Right lower lobe | 7 | 6 |
| Left upper lobe | 4 | 6 |
| Left lower lobe | 4 | 3 |
Values are mean ± SD, number or percentage of patients. ASA, American Society of Anesthesiologists; DLco, diffusion capacity of lung for carbon monoxide; FEF25–75%, forced expiratory volume between 25 and 75% of the FVC; FEF50%, forced expiratory volume 50% of the FVC; FEV1, forced expiratory volume in 1 s; FVC, forced vital capacity; OLV, one-lung ventilation; RAAS, renin–angiotensin–aldosterone system; SpO2, oxygen saturation (pulse oximetry).
*P < 0.05 vs. control group.