Table S3.
Radiocarbon ages
| Core* | Depth, cm | Method† | 14C age, y B.P.‡ | Calendar age, cal y B.P. | Source |
| Eastern Ross Sea | |||||
| NBP99-02 | |||||
| TC04 | 3–5 | AIO | 4,069 ± 48 | 4,100 ± 80 | 17 |
| 3–7 | AIO | 4,690 ± 140 | 4,960 ± 170 | This study | |
| 3–7 | CS | 2,040 ± 300 | 1,620 ± 330 | This study | |
| 5–7 | AIO | 6,766 ± 49 | 7,300 ± 50 | 17 | |
| 15–17 | AIO | 16,860 ± 140 | 19,630 ± 280 | 17 | |
| NBP99-02 | 32–34 | AIO | 22,650 ± 230 | 24,675 ± 390 | 17 |
| TC07 | 0–2 | AIO | 2,404 ± 39 | 2,040 ± 60 | 17 |
| 0–3 | AIO | 2,310 ± 80 | 1,930 ± 100 | 17 | |
| 0–3 | CS | 2,170 ± 350 | 1,760 ± 400 | This study | |
| 3–6 | AIO | 3,290 ± 40 | 3,130 ± 70 | This study | |
| 24–26 | AIO | 12,025 ± 67 | 13,470 ± 90 | 17 | |
| 50–53 | AIO | 15,700 ± 70 | 18,690 ± 60 | This study | |
| NBP99-02 | 50–53 | CS | 4,820 ± 270 | 5,130 ± 330 | This study |
| TC11 | 0–2 | AIO | 3,313 ± 47 | 3,170 ± 80 | 17 |
| 3–8 | AIO | 8,310 ± 40 | 8,900 ± 70 | This study | |
| 3–8 | CS | 1,490 ± 470 | 1,070 ± 460 | This study | |
| 5–7 | AIO | 3,952 ± 39 | 3,930 ± 60 | 17 | |
| 9–11 | AIO | 6,947 ± 46 | 7,450 ± 40 | 17 | |
| 30–33 | AIO | 18,550 ± 80 | 21,600 ± 230 | This study | |
| 30–33 | CS | 8,220 ± 2310 | 9,030 ± 2740 | This study | |
| NBP94-01 | Western Ross Sea | ||||
| TC01 | 0–2 | AIO | 1,280 ± 55 | 830 ± 60 | 16 |
| 11–12 | AIO | 1,380 ± 50 | 930 ± 60 | 16 | |
| 29–31 | AIO | 1,950 ± 55 | 1,490 ± 70 | 16 | |
| NBP94-01 | |||||
| TC17 | 0–2 | AIO | 2,040 ± 45 | 1,990 ± 60 | 16 |
| 0–3 | AIO | 4,070 ± 90 | 4,100 ± 130 | This study | |
| 3–5 | AIO | 4,080 ± 90 | 4,110 ± 130 | This study | |
| 3–5 | CS | 2,460 ± 1,070 | 2,170 ± 1,170 | This study | |
| 14–16 | AIO | 3,180 ± 50 | 3,460 ± 80 | 16 | |
| 24–26 | AIO | 3,870 ± 50 | 3,830 ± 80 | 16 | |
| 32–35 | CS | 3,850 ± 340 | 3,830 ± 440 | This study | |
| 34–36 | AIO | 4,400 ± 50 | 4,550 ± 80 | 16 | |
| 35–38 | AIO | 4,870 ± 40 | 5,190 ± 80 | This study | |
| 35–38 | CS | 2,580 ± 730 | 2,260 ± 850 | This study | |
| 44–46 | AIO | 5,210 ± 45 | 5,580 ± 50 | This study | |
| NBP94-01 | |||||
| TC31 | 0–2 | AIO | 1,970 ± 50 | 1,530 ± 70 | 16 |
| 0–5 | AIO | 3,570 ± 70 | 3,460 ± 80 | This study | |
| 0–5 | CS | 800 ± 470 | 360 ± 320 | This study | |
| 25–28 | AIO | 4,990 ± 50 | 5,350 ± 60 | This study | |
| 25–28 | CS | 2,830 ± 450 | 2,560 ± 550 | This study | |
| 35–36 | AIO | 4,790 ± 55 | 5,050 ± 90 | 16 | |
| 50–51 | AIO | 6,870 ± 65 | 7,530 ± 90 | 16 | |
| 55–60 | AIO | 8,790 ± 70 | 9,460 ± 60 | This study | |
| 55–60 | CS | 4,240 ± 360 | 4,340 ± 470 | This study | |
| 60–62 | AIO | 10,550 ± 80 | 11,790 ± 170 | 16 | |
| NBP15-02 | |||||
| KC22 | 75–77 | AIO | 6,970 ± 40 | 6,185 ± 105 | This study |
| NBP15-02 | |||||
| KC44 | 64–66 | AIO | 7,258 ± 56 | 6,490 ± 140 | This study |
| 99–10 | |||||
| 0 | AIO | 27,579 ± 150 | 29,975 ± 375 | This study | |
*
Cores are taken from different cruises and their numbers for western and eastern sites are only described in the last part of core names. They are, respectively, NBP99-02- and NBP94-01- before each number designated in the column.
†
Method of radiocarbon measurement, either acid-insoluble fraction organic carbon (AIOC) or compound-specific carbon (CS) dating.
‡
Ages are obtained after subtraction of local reservoir age (1,300 y: refs. 44 and 45; see also Supporting Information).