Table 4.
Canonical pathways at gene level for each T2D subtype.ns, not significant.
| Canonical pathway | Subtype 1 | Subtype 2 | Subtype 3 | Genes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Fatty acid β-oxidation III | 1.1 × 10−3 | ns | ns | ECI1, ECI2 |
| Acetate conversion to acetyl-CoA | 3.5 × 10−3 | ns | ns | ACSL1, ACSL2 |
| Netrin signaling | 6.2 × 10−3 | ns | ns | ABLIM1, PRKG1, UNC5B, UNC5C |
| GABA receptor signaling | 8.8 × 10−3 | ns | ns | ADCY8, ALDH5A1, GABBR1, GABRR2, GPHN |
| cAMP-mediated signaling | 9.2 × 10−3 | ns | 2.0 × 10−2 | Subtype 1: ADCY8, AKAP12, CAMK1D, CNGB1, CNGB3, GABBR1, MC1R, PDE3A, PKIA, RGS7 Subtype 3: AKAP13, CAMK4, CHRM5, GNAI3, HTR1D, PDE4B, PDE6A, PRKAR2B, RAF1 |
| Role of pattern recognition receptors in recognition of bacteria and viruses | ns | 1.8 × 10−3 | ns | CXCL8, MAPK10, NLRP3, OAS1, OAS3, PRKCD, PRKCH |
| Thrombopoietin signaling | ns | 6.8 × 10−3 | ns | GAB2, PRKCD, PRKCH, SOS1 |
| α-Adrenergic signaling | ns | ns | 1.2 × 10−3 | CAMK4, GNAI3, GYS1, ITPR2, PRKAR2B, RAF1, SLC8A1 |
| Synaptic long-term depression | ns | ns | 1.4 × 10−3 | GNA11, GNAI3, GRID2, GRM1, ITPR2, PLA2G4C, PLA2R1, PPP2R5B, RAF1, |
| CREB signaling in neurons | ns | ns | 1.4 × 10−3 | CAMK4, GNA11, GNAI3, GRID2, GRIK4, GRM1, ITPR2, POLR2I, PRKAR2B, RAF1 |
| Glutamate receptor signaling | ns | ns | 4.2 × 10−3 | CAMK4, GRID2, GRIK4, GRM1, PICK1 |
| Hepatic fibrosis/hepatic stellate cell activation | 3.0 × 10−2 | ns | 4.0 × 10−3 | Subtype 1: BCL2, COL19A1, COL28A1, IGF1R, IL1RAP, LEPR, TGFB1, TGFB2 Subtype 3: BAX, COL15A1, COL25A1, COL4A4, COL5A1, COL5A3,COL9A3, FGF2, KLF12, MYH7B |
| Sperm motility | ns | ns | 7.3 × 10−3 | CAMK4, ITPR2, PDE4B, PLA2G4C, PLA2R1, PRKAR2B, SLC12A2 |