Table 1.
Gene contents in A. sinensis chloroplast genome.
| Category of genes | Group of gene | Name of gene |
|---|---|---|
| Self-replication | Small subunit of ribosome | rps7* rps11 rps15 rps14 rps19 rps18 rps4 rps3 rps2 rps8 rps12* rps16 |
| Large subunit of ribosome | rpl23* rpl20 rpl22 rpl2* rpl36 rpl32 rpl33 rpl14 rpl16 | |
| DNA-dependent RNA polymerase | rpoB rpoA rpoC2 rpoC1 | |
| Ribosomal RNA genes | rrn16S* rrn5S* rrn23S* rrn4.5S* | |
| Transfer RNA genes | trnQ-TTG trnR-ACG* trnM-CAT trnY-GTA trnH-GTG trnA-TGC* trnP-TGG | |
| trnS-GCT trnN-GTT* trnL-TAG trnG-GCC trnW-CCA trnK-TTT | ||
| trnT-TGT trnL-CAA*trnS-TGA trnI-CAT* trnfM-CAT trnF-GAA trnS-GGA | ||
| trnV-GAC* trnC-GCA trnD-GTC trnE-TTC trnI-GAT* trnT-GGT | ||
| Genes for photosynthesis | Subunits of NADH dehydrogenase | ndhB* ndhC ndhA ndhF ndhG ndhD ndhE ndhJ ndhK ndhH ndhI |
| Large subunit of Rubisco | rbcL | |
| Subunits of photosystem II | psbE psbD psbF psbA psbC psbB psbM psbL psbN psbI psbH psbK psbJ psbT psbZ | |
| Subunits of photosystem I | psaI psaJ psaB psaC ycf4 ycf3 psaA | |
| Subunits of ATP synthase | atpI atpH atpB atpA atpF atpE | |
| Subunits of cytochrome | petD petG petA petB petL petN | |
| Other genes | Envelope membrane protein | cemA |
| C-type cytochrome synthesis gene | ccsA | |
| Subunit of acetyl-CoA | accD | |
| Protease | clpP | |
| Maturase | matK | |
| Component of TIC complex | ycf1 | |
| Genes of unknown function | Conserved open reading frames | ycf2* orf42 orf56 |
| Pseudogenes | ycf1* ycf15* |
*
Duplicated gene.