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. 2016 Mar 8;10:70. doi: 10.3389/fnins.2016.00070

Figure 1.

Figure 1

Top-down fabrication processes for implantable multi-point stimulation devices. (A–C) A wireless system consisting of μLEDs on a flexible shank. (D) A μLEDs device for site-selective stimulation of mouse neocortex. (E) Monte-Carlo simulations of the light radiation pattern from a single μLEDs implanted in the scattering tissue. (F) A 3D set of silicon oxynitride waveguides for custom optogenetic stimulations of defined points in a 3D fashion. (G) Multipoint-emitting optical fibers for stimulation of multiple brain regions with a single and tapered optical fiber. (H) Multifunctional polymeric fibers. (I) ZnO-based multipoint optical arrays for simultaneous optical control and electrical recording of neural activity. (J) Array of implantable optical fibers coupled to μLEDs on a flexible polyamide cable. (K,L) Array of tapered SU-8 waveguides coupled with μLEDs and electrodes for extracellular readout of neural activity. (A–C) are reproduced with permissions from Kim et al. (2013). Panels (D,E) are reproduced with permissions from McAlinden et al. (2015). Panel (F) is reproduced with permissions from Zorzos et al. (2012). Panels (G–G3) are modified from Pisanello F. et al. (2014). Panel (H) is reproduced with permissions from Canales et al. (2015). Panel (I) was reproduced with permissions from Lee et al. (2015). Panel (J) is reproduced with permission from Schwaerzle et al. (2015). Panels (K,L) are reproduced with permission from Kwon et al. (2015).