Table 4.
Zebrafish vascular mutants.
| Line | Gene | Phenotype | References |
|---|---|---|---|
| cloche | scl, lmo2, gata1, gata2, flt1, flt | Lack endothelial and circulating blood cells | Stainier et al., 1995 |
| glass onion/parachute | cdh2 | Neuronal-cadherin (N-cadherin/Cdh2)-deficient zebrafish show dysmorphic vascular network | Bagatto et al., 2006 |
| gridlock | hey2 | Lack trunk and tail circulation due to reduced arterial gene expression and improper assembly of the dorsal and lateral aortae | Lawson et al., 2001 |
| heart of glass | heg | Morphological cardiovascular defects | Mably et al., 2003; Kleaveland et al., 2009 |
| kurzschluss | unc45a | Branchial arteries fail to form properly. Arterial-venous shunts lead to loss of circulation in the trunk | Chen et al., 1996 |
| lmo2 | lmo2 | Abnormal ocular blood vessels cause failure of optic fissure closure | Weiss et al., 2012 |
| mindbomb | notch5 | Mutants are defective for Notch signaling, exhibit arterial-venous shunts, defective PCV formation, and reduced arterial gene expression | Lawson et al., 2002 |
| out-of-bounds | plexnD1 | Display premature sprouting and mispatterned growth of the trunk intersegmental vessels due to loss of semaphorin–plexin signaling pathway | Childs et al., 2002 |
| plcgy10 | plcg1 | Deficient in VEGF-mediated angiogenesis and arterial differentiation | Lawson et al., 2003 |
| santa | ccm1 | Severe dilation of major blood vessels, followed by a thinning of cell walls | Mably et al., 2006 |
| schwentine | flk1 | Loss of angioblasts and failure to undergo angiogenesis | Habeck et al., 2002 |
| Segmental artery mutants | kdrl, plcg1, plexinD1, etsrp | Vascular mutants identified by haploid transgenic screening show defects in Vegf/Plcg1 signaling | Covassin et al., 2009 |
| sonic you | shh | Defects in trunk circulation due to abnormal arterial differentiation | Lawson et al., 2002 |
| stalactite | mtp | Mutant shows excessive sprouting angiogenesis due to loss of apolipoprotein-B regulation | Avraham-Davidi et al., 2012 |
| tie2-hu1667 | tie2 | Enhancement of junctional integrity via VE-cadherin | Gjini et al., 2011 |
| valentine | ccm2 | Altered endothelial junctional integrity causes dilation of major vessels. | Mably et al., 2006 |
| ve-cadherinubs8 | cdh5 | Failure to form established junctions during anastomosis | Lenard et al., 2013 |
| VEGF-receptor mutants | flk1 | Mutants identified in a forward genetic screen show disrupted blood vessels sprouting of normal angioblasts | Habeck et al., 2002 |
| vhl | vhl | Increased VEGF-signaling induces aberrant angiogenic sprouts and retinal neovascularization | van Rooijen et al., 2009 |
| violet beauregarde | alk1 | Mutants develop severe edema, associated with an abnormal blood circulation and improper arterial-venous connections | Roman et al., 2002 |