FIG. 1.

Relative contribution of PMTCT, EID, and PITC systems gaps to missed opportunities for HIV infection diagnosis and linkage to care. We considered the PMTCT, EID, and PITC histories in a group of critically ill, HIV-infected, ART-naïve children ages 0–12 years identified in a pediatric hospital ward. We determined the point at which the mother-child pair was first lost from the HIV diagnosis and linkage to care cascade among 173 children (insufficient information in 10 pairs). A majority of child infections was first missed due to maternal infections not being detected either due to missing an HIV test during pregnancy or testing negative for HIV during pregnancy. A substantial proportion of child infections was first missed due to lack of child testing through EID or PITC. Each mother–child pair contributes information once in this analysis at the point at which the first missed opportunity for diagnosis or linkage to care occurred.