. 2016 Mar 1;29(2):112–127. doi: 10.1089/vim.2015.0105

Table 1.

Clinical Signs and Rotavirus Fecal Shedding in Gnotobiotic Pigs After Virulent Human Rotavirus Challenge

			Clinical signs				Fecal virus shedding (by CCIF and/or ELISA)
Treatments	n	% with diarrhea^*^,a	Mean days to onset^**	Mean duration days^**^,b	Mean cumulative score^**^,c	% shedding virus^*	Mean days to onset^**	Mean duration days^**	Mean peak titer (FFU/mL)^**^,d
AttHRV/WT	5	60 (3/5)^A	5.4 (1.3^e)^A	1.0 (0.4)^C	8.5 (0.5)^B	60 (3/5)^A	5.2 (1.2)^A	0.8 (0.4)^B	5 (40)^C
AttHRV/HCKO	3	100 (3/3)^A	3.0 (0.0)^A	1.3 (0.3)^BC	7.5 (1.3)^B	100 (3/3)^A	1.7 (0.3)^B	4.0 (1.2)^A	43 (66)^C
AttHRV/HCKO/CD8⁻	3	100 (3/3)^A	3.3 (0.7)^A	3.7 (0.9)^AB	12.0 (1.9)^AB	100 (3/3)^A	1.7 (0.7)^AB	5.3 (0.7)^A	944 (8,666)^BC
Mock/HCKO	3	100 (3/3)^A	3.0 (0.0)^A	3.3 (0.3)^A	11.2 (0.2)^A	100 (3/3)^A	2.3 (0.3)^AB	5.0 (0.0)^A	71,765 (29,956)^A
Mock/WT	4	100 (4/4)^A	2.8 (0.8)^A	3.8 (0.9)^AB	11.9 (0.8)^A	100 (4/4)^A	2.0 (0.0)^B	5.3 (0.5)^A	7,601 (2,070)^AB

^{^a}

Pigs with daily fecal scores of ≥2 were considered diarrheic. Fecal consistency was scored as follows: 0, normal; 1, pasty; 2, semiliquid; and 3, liquid.

^{^b}

For durations of diarrhea and virus shedding, if no diarrhea or virus shedding until the euthanasia day (PCD 7), the duration (days) was recorded as 0 and the onset (days) was as 8 for statistical analysis.

^{^c}

Mean cumulative score calculation included all the pigs in each group.

^{^d}

FFU, fluorescent focus-forming units. Geometric mean peak titers were calculated among pigs that shed virus.

^{^e}

Standard error of the mean.

^{^*}

Fisher's exact test or ^**Kruskal–Wallis rank sum test was used for comparisons. Different letters (A and B, A and BC, etc.) indicate significant differences among treatment groups (p < 0.05), whereas shared letters (AB and A, AB and B, etc.) indicate no significant difference.

AttHRV, attenuated human rotavirus; CCIF, cell culture immunofluorescence; ELISA, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay; PCD, postchallenge day; WT, wild type.