Table 3. Associations between long-term use (⩾5 years) of lithium and risk of colorectal adenocarcinoma, stratified by patient subgroups, subsite and stage.
| Subgroup | Cases exposed/unexposed | Controls exposed/unexposed | Crude ORa | Adjusted ORb |
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Gender | ||||
| Males | 28/19 805 | 319/198 001 | 0.88 (0.60–1.29) | 0.92 (0.62–1.35) |
| Females | 50/16 284 | 415/162 908 | 1.21 (0.90–1.62) | 1.29 (0.96–1.73) |
|
Age | ||||
| <50 years | 0/1675 | 16/16 748 | — | — |
| 50–69 years | 38/15 987 | 343/159 905 | 1.11 (0.79–1.55) | 1.15 (0.82–1.61) |
| 70+ years | 40/18 427 | 375/184 256 | 1.07 (0.77–1.48) | 1.16 (0.84–1.62) |
|
Topography | ||||
| Colon, proximal | 23/9725 | 233/97 258 | 0.99 (0.64–1.51) | 1.01 (0.66–1.55) |
| Colon, distal | 32/11 699 | 228/117 024 | 1.41 (0.97–2.04) | 1.52 (1.05–2.20) |
| Colon, unspecified | 5/1701 | 27/17 016 | 1.85 (0.71–4.81) | 1.98 (0.76–5.16) |
| Rectum | 18/12 964 | 246/129 611 | 0.73 (0.45–1.18) | 0.80 (0.50–1.30) |
|
Stage | ||||
| Localised | 36/13 544 | 267/135 534 | 1.35 (0.95–1.92) | 1.44 (1.01–2.04) |
| Non-localised | 37/18 956 | 377/189 547 | 0.98 (0.70–1.38) | 1.06 (0.75–1.49) |
| Unknown | 5/3589 | 90/35 828 | 0.55 (0.22–1.36) | 0.54 (0.22–1.34) |
|
Medical history | ||||
| No history of type 2 diabetes | 71/32 748 | 677/331 896 | 1.07 (0.84–1.37) | 1.14 (0.89–1.46) |
| No history of alcohol abuse | 73/33 800 | 636/341 563 | 1.15 (0.90–1.47) | 1.24 (0.97–1.59) |
Abbreviation: OR=odds ratio.
a
Adjusted for age, calendar time and sex (by design).
b
Fully adjusted model, see section ‘Main analysis'.