Table 1.

Characteristics of trials included in meta-analysis of home or self blood pressure monitoring

Author and country	Setting	Age group (years)	Definition of hypertension	Length of intervention (months)	Intervention group	Control group
Carnahan 1975, USA14	Hospital outpatient	Not stated	DBP >90 mm Hg	6	Home BP self recorded twice daily	Nurse clinic
Haynes 1976, Canada15	Workplace	Not stated	DBP ≥90 mm Hg	6	Daily BP self recorded on chart	“Usual care”
Johnson 1978, Canada16	Community	35-65	On BP treatment at baseline and DBP ≥95 mm Hg	6	Daily BP self recorded on chart	Home visits or “usual care”
Earp 198217	Hospital outpatient and general practice	Not stated	Not stated	18	Daily or twice weekly BP by family member	Home visits
Pierce 1984, Australia18	General practice	<70	SBP >160 mm Hg or DBP >95 mm Hg	6	Daily BP self recorded on chart	“Usual care” or health education programme
Stahl 1984, USA19	Hospital outpatient	16-70	3×DBP ≥95 mm Hg if >30 years; DBP >90 mm Hg if 16-30 years; 2×DBP >100 mm Hg; DBP >120 mm Hg	36	Daily BP self recorded at home	“Standard care”
Binstock 1988, USA20	Not clear	Not stated	“Documented” hypertension on treatment	9	Home BP monitoring	Educational intervention
Midanik 1991, USA21	Hospital outpatient	Not stated	SBP <180 mm Hg and DBP 90-99 mm Hg	12	Twice weekly BP self recorded at home	Standard care (not measuring BP at home)
Soghikian 1992, USA22	Hospital outpatient	Not stated	Not stated	12	Twice weekly BP self recorded at home	“Usual care”
Muhlhauser 1993, Germany23	General practice	30-60	2×BP >160 or >95 mm Hg	18	Twice daily BP self recorded at home	“Usual care” with flagged notes
Friedman 1996, USA24	Community	≥60	On BP treatment at baseline and SBP ≥160 or DBP ≥90 mm Hg	6	Weekly BP self recorded at home	Regular medical care
Zarnke 1997, Canada25	Hospital outpatient	18-80	Not stated	2	Twice daily BP self recorded at home	Standard office based care
Bailey 1999, Australia26	General practice	Not stated	Not stated	2	Twice daily BP self recorded at home	“Usual care”
Mehos 2000, USA27	General practice	≥35	SBP 140-179 mm Hg or DBP 90-109 mm Hg	6	Daily BP self recorded at home	No home monitoring
Vetter 2000, Switzerland28	General practice	18-85	SBP 160-200 and DBP 95-115 mm Hg and losartan	2	Twice daily BP self recorded at home before and 12 hours after treatment	Doctor's office
Artinian 2001, USA29	Community	Not stated	SBP ≥140 or DBP ≥90mm Hg; if diabetes or myocardial infarction, SBP ≥130 or DBP ≥85 mm Hg	3	BP self recorded at home three times a week	“Usual care”
Broege 2001, USA30	Community and hospital outpatient	≥65	SBP >150 and DBP <90 (on treatment) or >90 mm Hg (not on treatment)	3	BP self recorded at home every other day (also monthly clinic visits)	Fortnightly nurse clinic
Rogers 2001, USA31	Hospital outpatient	≥18	Between ≥130 or ≥85 mm Hg and ≥180 or ≥110 mm Hg, depending on complications	2-7	BP self recorded at home three times a week	Usual outpatient care

BP=blood pressure; DBP=diastolic blood pressure; SBP=systolic blood pressure.