Table 2.

Least Squares Mean Estimates (with Standard Errors) and Comparisons between the Mean Shifts for Significant Interactions.

Factor (p-Value for the Interaction)	Regular Smokers	Occasional Smokers	p-Value* for the Comparison
RECENT QUITTERS
Overall	2.54 (0.09)	3.11 (0.27)	0.04
Age (p<0.01)
15–35 years old	0.95 (0.10)	0.95 (0.14)	0.98
36–45 years old	1.67 (0.21)	5.91 (0.77)	<0.01
46–55 years old	2.86 (0.16)	1.22 (0.27)	<0.01
56–80 years old	5.19 (0.29)	4.79 (0.29)	0.36
Gender (p<0.01)
Male	2.72 (0.13)	3.71 (0.38)	0.02
Female	2.33 (0.17)	1.98 (0.22)	0.21
Employment Status (p<0.01)
Employed - at work	1.75 (0.10)	3.73 (0.38)	<0.01
Other	3.84 (0.16)	1.98 (0.20)	<0.01
Survey Mode (p<0.01)
Phone both times	2.21 (0.14)	4.92 (0.45)	<0.01
In-person both times	3.16 (0.20)	1.01 (0.25)	<0.01
Mixed mode	2.61 (0.16)	0.63 (0.18)	<0.01
MID-TERM QUITTERS
Overall	2.64 (0.10)	2.90 (0.20)	0.25
Age (p = 0.01)
22–45 years old	1.44 (0.09)	2.32 (0.23)	<0.01
46–55 years old	2.34 (0.16)	3.80 (0.69)	0.04
56–65 years old	2.65 (0.16)	2.66 (0.21)	0.96
66–80 years old	4.76 (0.45)	5.01 (0.92)	0.82
Gender (p = 0.03)
Male	2.74 (0.17)	3.08 (0.32)	0.35
Female	2.52 (0.12)	2.68 (0.26)	0.60
Employment Status (p<0.01)
Employed - at work	2.35 (0.11)	2.39 (0.22)	0.88
Other	3.03 (0.21)	4.46 (0.44)	<0.01
LONG-TERM QUITTERS
Overall	3.11 (0.10)	6.09 (0.44)	<0.01
Age (p<0.01)
34–50 years old	0.99 (0.09)	2.68 (0.24)	<0.01
51–60 years old	1.44 (0.08)	2.81 (0.38)	<0.01
61–70 years old	2.84 (0.20)	2.82 (0.53)	0.97
71–80 years old	6.35 (0.30)	12.22 (1.20)	<0.01
Gender (p<0.01)
Male	3.38 (0.14)	8.04 (0.76)	<0.01
Female	2.78 (0.14)	4.18 (0.38)	<0.01
Survey Mode (p<0.01)
Phone both times	3.25 (0.13)	7.47 (0.63)	<0.01
In-person both times	2.69 (0.16)	3.83 (0.36)	<0.01
Mixed mode	3.09 (0.29)	2.99 (0.81)	0.91

^*Note: unadjusted p-values are reported, significant results (after adjustments) are bold