Table 1.
Independent variables used to predict segregation outcomes for Blacks, Hispanics, and Asians.
| Variable | Definition |
|---|---|
| Racial Prejudice | |
| Anti-Black Index | Relative Frequency of Google Searches for word “Nigger” |
| Anti-Latino Index | Relative Frequency of Google Searches for “Illegal Alien” |
| Zoning Regime | |
| Zoning Permissiveness | Instrumental Variable Derived from Rothwell and Massey (2009) |
| Minority Composition | |
| Percent Black | Percentage Black in MSA |
| Percent Hispanic | Percentage Hispanic in MSA |
| Percent Asian | Percentage Asian in MSA |
| Socioeconomic Status | |
| Ratio Minority/White HH Income | Ratio of Minority-to White Household Income |
| Ratio Minority/White College Grads | Ratio of Minority-to White Percentage College Graduate |
| Percent Homeowner | Percentage of Homeowners in MSA |
| Population | |
| Log MSA Population | Log of Total MSA Population |
| Percent Foreign Born | Percentage Foreign Born in MSA |
| Percent Female Headed | Percentage of Female Headed Families in MSA |
| Percent Aged 65+ | Percentage of MSA Population Aged 65 or Greater |
| Industrial Organization | |
| Percent Manufacturing | Percentage of Workers in Manufacturing |
| Percent FIRE | Percentage of Workers in Finance, Insurance, & Real Estate |
| Percent Education | Percentage of Workers in Education |
| Log Military Population | Log of Persons Housed in Military Quarters per 100,000 in MSA |
| Percent Unionized | Percentage of Workers in Union (for State in 1980; 2010 for MSA) |
| Patents per Capita | Patents per 100,000 Persons (for State in 1980; for MSA in 2010) |
| Urbanism | |
| Percent Urban | Percent Urban in MSA |
| Violent Crime Rate | Violent Crimes per 1,000 Persons |
| Median Year Housing | Median Year MSA Housing was Built |
| Geography | |
| Northeast | Northeastern Census Region |
| South | Southern Census Region |
| West | Western Census Region |
| Coastal | MSA Borders Atlantic, Pacific, or Gulf of Mexico |
| Border | Located in State Bordering Mexico |