Figure 4. Described and Potential Lysine Acylations.
Lysine has been shown to be modified by a number of acyl-groups (in blue), which are often donated from the corresponding acyl-CoA. Acetylation, succinylation [99], propionylation [100], butyrylation [70,101], malonylation [54], glutrarylation [53], myristoylation [102], and crotonylation [103] are among lysine modifications previously discovered. Other acyl-CoAs that are present in the mitochondria are likely to also modify lysines (in green), particularly if the acylation process is primarily nonenzymatically driven.